Peroxisomes
Peroxisomes are membrane-bound organelles found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. They are involved in various metabolic processes, including the breakdown of fatty acids and the detoxification of harmful substances.
Structure
Peroxisomes are typically spherical or oval in shape and contain a dense proteinaceous matrix surrounded by a single membrane. They also contain enzymes that are involved in oxidative reactions.
Functions
Peroxisomes play a crucial role in lipid metabolism, particularly in the breakdown of very long-chain fatty acids through a process known as beta-oxidation. They are also involved in the synthesis of plasmalogens, which are important components of cell membranes.
Another important function of peroxisomes is the detoxification of harmful substances, such as hydrogen peroxide, through the action of catalase and other enzymes. This helps protect the cell from oxidative damage.
Study Guide
- What are peroxisomes and where are they found?
- Describe the structure of peroxisomes.
- What are the main functions of peroxisomes?
- Explain the role of peroxisomes in lipid metabolism.
- How do peroxisomes contribute to the detoxification of harmful substances?
