Genes

Genes are the basic unit of heredity in living organisms. They are made up of DNA and serve as the instructions for building and maintaining an organism. Genes determine the traits and characteristics of an organism, such as eye color, hair texture, and susceptibility to certain diseases.

Structure of Genes

Genes are composed of DNA, which is a long molecule made up of four chemical bases: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G). These bases are arranged in a specific sequence within the gene, and this sequence determines the genetic code for a particular trait or characteristic.

Function of Genes

Genes serve as the blueprint for the production of proteins, which are essential for the structure and function of the body. The process of gene expression involves the copying of the genetic code from DNA into RNA, and then the translation of RNA into proteins.

Inheritance of Genes

Genes are passed down from parents to offspring through the process of reproduction. Offspring inherit a combination of genes from both parents, which contributes to their unique traits and characteristics.

Genetic Variability

Genetic variability occurs due to mutations in genes, genetic recombination during reproduction, and other genetic processes. This variability is essential for the adaptation and evolution of species over time.

Study Guide

1. What are genes made of?
2. How do genes determine traits and characteristics?
3. Explain the process of gene expression.
4. How are genes inherited from parents to offspring?
5. Discuss the importance of genetic variability.

By understanding the structure, function, and inheritance of genes, we can gain insights into the mechanisms of heredity and genetic diversity in living organisms.

[Genes] Related Worksheets and Study Guides:

• Modern GeneticsScience • Eighth Grade
• Chromosomes, Genes and DNABiology • High School