Spandex: An Overview

Spandex, also known as elastane or Lycra, is a synthetic fiber known for its exceptional elasticity. It is a polyurethane-polyurea copolymer that was invented in 1958 by chemist Joseph Shivers at DuPont's Benger Laboratory in Waynesboro, Virginia. Spandex is often used in the production of a wide range of clothing including athletic wear, swimwear, and compression garments due to its stretchiness and ability to retain its shape.

Key Characteristics of Spandex

Elasticity: Spandex is highly elastic, with the ability to stretch up to 5 times its original length and then return to its original shape.
Durability: It is known for its durability and resistance to abrasion, making it suitable for activewear.
Comfort: Spandex provides a comfortable and form-fitting feel, making it popular in clothing designed for physical activity.
Moisture Management: Many spandex blends offer moisture-wicking properties, aiding in sweat evaporation during physical activities.

Applications of Spandex

Spandex is widely used in the production of:

Activewear and sportswear
Swimwear and wetsuits
Compression garments and shapewear
Undergarments
Medical bandages

Study Guide

To study spandex effectively, consider the following topics:

Chemical Structure: Understand the chemical composition and structure of spandex, including its polyurethane-polyurea copolymer makeup.
Properties: Familiarize yourself with the unique properties of spandex, such as elasticity, durability, and moisture management.
Manufacturing Process: Learn about the manufacturing process of spandex fibers, including the spinning and extrusion methods used.
Applications: Explore the various applications of spandex in clothing and other industries, and understand the benefits it offers in each application.
Maintenance: Investigate the proper care and maintenance of spandex-containing garments, including washing and storage guidelines.

By mastering these topics, you will gain a comprehensive understanding of spandex and its significance in the textile industry.

◂Physics Worksheets and Study Guides High School. Thermodynamics

The resources above cover the following skills:

PHYSICAL SCIENCE (NGSS)

Matter and Its Interactions

Students who demonstrate understanding can:

Develop a model to illustrate that the release or absorption of energy from a chemical reaction system depends upon the changes in total bond energy.

Energy

Students who demonstrate understanding can:

Create a computational model to calculate the change in the energy of one component in a system when the change in energy of the other component(s) and energy flows in and out of the system are known.

Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that the transfer of thermal energy when two components of different temperature are combined within a closed system results in a more uniform energy distribution among the components in the system (second law of thermodynamics).