Gametes

Gametes are specialized cells that are involved in sexual reproduction. In humans, gametes are the sperm cells in males and the egg cells in females. These cells are unique because they only contain half the number of chromosomes found in other body cells, which is important for maintaining the genetic diversity of the species.

Formation of Gametes

Gametes are produced through a process called meiosis, which involves two rounds of cell division. During meiosis, the number of chromosomes is halved, resulting in the formation of haploid gametes. In males, meiosis occurs in the testes, leading to the formation of sperm cells. In females, meiosis takes place in the ovaries, resulting in the production of egg cells.

Role in Reproduction

During sexual reproduction, a sperm cell fertilizes an egg cell, resulting in the formation of a zygote. The zygote then develops into a new organism with a unique combination of genetic material from both parents. This process ensures genetic diversity within a population.

Study Guide

1. What are gametes?
2. How are gametes formed?
3. Where does meiosis occur in males and females?
4. What is the role of gametes in reproduction?