Hydroelectric Energy

Hydroelectric energy is a renewable energy source that harnesses the power of water to generate electricity. It is one of the oldest and most widely used forms of renewable energy, providing around 16% of the world's electricity.

How it Works

Hydroelectric power plants use the energy of flowing water to turn turbines, which then generate electricity. Here's how it works:

1. Water is stored in a reservoir behind a dam.
2. When the water is released from the reservoir, it flows through pipes and turns the blades of a turbine.
3. The turbine is connected to a generator, which converts the rotational energy into electricity.
4. The electricity is then transmitted through power lines to homes and businesses.

Advantages of Hydroelectric Energy

There are several advantages to using hydroelectric energy:

• It is a clean and renewable energy source, producing no air pollution or greenhouse gases.
• Hydroelectric power plants have a long lifespan and low operating costs.
• They can also serve as water storage and flood control systems.

Study Guide

Here are some key points to remember about hydroelectric energy:

1. What is hydroelectric energy?
2. How does a hydroelectric power plant work?
3. What are the advantages of using hydroelectric energy?
4. Can you name some countries that rely heavily on hydroelectric power?

Remember to understand the water cycle and how it relates to hydroelectric power generation, as well as the environmental impact of building dams for hydroelectric projects.