Adipose Tissue

Adipose tissue is a type of connective tissue that is composed primarily of adipocytes, which are specialized cells that store fat. This tissue is responsible for energy storage, insulation, and cushioning of the body.

Structure of Adipose Tissue

Adipose tissue is made up of adipocytes, which are found in a matrix of collagen fibers and extracellular matrix. There are two main types of adipose tissue: white adipose tissue and brown adipose tissue.

• White Adipose Tissue (WAT): This type of adipose tissue is the most common and is found throughout the body. It stores energy in the form of triglycerides and also serves as insulation and cushioning for the body.
• Brown Adipose Tissue (BAT): This type of adipose tissue is rich in mitochondria and is involved in thermogenesis, which is the generation of heat. BAT is more prominent in infants and hibernating animals.

Functions of Adipose Tissue

Adipose tissue serves several important functions in the body:

1. Energy Storage: Adipose tissue stores excess energy in the form of triglycerides, which can be utilized by the body when needed.
2. Insulation: The layer of adipose tissue beneath the skin helps to insulate the body, maintaining body temperature and providing protection from physical damage.
3. Cushioning: Adipose tissue acts as a cushion, protecting the internal organs from mechanical shocks.
4. Endocrine Function: Adipose tissue secretes hormones and cytokines that play a role in metabolism, inflammation, and other physiological processes.

Study Guide

Here are some key points to remember about adipose tissue:

1. What are the main types of adipose tissue?
2. What is the primary function of adipose tissue?
3. Describe the structure of adipose tissue.
4. What are the functions of white adipose tissue?
5. What is the role of brown adipose tissue?