Fats

Fats are an essential macronutrient that provides energy, supports cell growth, and helps the body absorb certain vitamins. They are made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms and are classified as saturated fats, unsaturated fats, and trans fats.

Saturated Fats

Saturated fats are typically solid at room temperature and are found in animal products such as meat and dairy, as well as in some plant-based oils like coconut and palm oil. Consuming too much saturated fat can increase the level of LDL cholesterol in the blood, which can lead to heart disease.

Unsaturated Fats

Unsaturated fats are typically liquid at room temperature and are found in foods such as nuts, seeds, avocados, and olive oil. They are considered healthier fats and can help lower the level of LDL cholesterol in the blood, thus reducing the risk of heart disease.

Trans Fats

Trans fats are created through the process of hydrogenation and are found in many processed and fried foods. They raise the level of LDL cholesterol in the blood and should be avoided as much as possible due to their negative impact on heart health.

Functions of Fats

• Energy storage
• Cell membrane structure
• Insulation and protection for organs
• Transport of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K)

Study Guide

1. What are the main elements that make up fats?
2. What are the three main types of fats?
3. Give examples of foods that contain saturated fats.
4. What are some sources of unsaturated fats?
5. Why should trans fats be avoided?
6. What are the functions of fats in the body?