Earthquakes

An earthquake is the shaking of the surface of the Earth resulting from a sudden release of energy in the Earth's lithosphere that creates seismic waves. Earthquakes can range in size from those that are so weak that they cannot be felt to those violent enough to propel objects and people into the air, and wreak destruction across entire cities.

Causes of Earthquakes

Earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of energy within the Earth's crust or upper mantle. This release of energy creates seismic waves that produce the shaking and trembling that we feel during an earthquake. The main causes of earthquakes include tectonic plate movements, volcanic activity, and human activities such as mining and reservoir-induced seismicity.

Study Guide

1. What causes earthquakes?

Earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of energy within the Earth's crust or upper mantle. This release of energy creates seismic waves that produce the shaking and trembling that we feel during an earthquake.

2. How are seismic waves produced during an earthquake?

Seismic waves are produced during an earthquake as a result of the sudden release of energy within the Earth's crust or upper mantle. These waves propagate through the Earth and are responsible for the shaking and trembling felt during an earthquake.

3. What are the main causes of earthquakes?

The main causes of earthquakes include tectonic plate movements, volcanic activity, and human activities such as mining and reservoir-induced seismicity.

4. What are the different scales used to measure the intensity of earthquakes?

The two main scales used to measure the intensity of earthquakes are the Richter scale and the Mercalli intensity scale. The Richter scale measures the magnitude of an earthquake, while the Mercalli intensity scale measures the effects and impacts of an earthquake on the Earth's surface and on humans and their structures.

5. How can we stay safe during an earthquake?

To stay safe during an earthquake, it's important to be prepared by creating an emergency plan, securing heavy furniture and objects, and knowing how to protect yourself during the shaking. During an earthquake, it's important to "Drop, Cover, and Hold On" to protect yourself from falling objects and debris. After the shaking stops, it's important to evacuate if necessary and seek medical attention if needed.

[Earthquakes] Related Worksheets and Study Guides:

• EarthquakesScience • Seventh Grade