Structure of the Esophagus

Functions of the Esophagus

• Transportation: The esophagus transports food and liquids from the mouth to the stomach.
• Peristalsis: Coordinated muscle contractions called peristalsis help push the food down the esophagus.
• Sphincters: The esophagus has two sphincters – the upper esophageal sphincter and the lower esophageal sphincter – which open and close to control the movement of food and prevent backflow of stomach contents.

Common Conditions of the Esophagus

• GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease): A condition in which stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, causing heartburn and potential damage to the esophageal lining.
• Esophageal Cancer: The development of cancerous cells in the lining of the esophagus, often linked to factors such as smoking, heavy alcohol use, and chronic irritation of the esophagus.
• Esophageal Stricture: Narrowing of the esophagus due to the buildup of scar tissue, causing difficulty in swallowing.

How to Keep the Esophagus Healthy

• Eat a Balanced Diet: Consuming a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can help keep the digestive system, including the esophagus, healthy.
• Avoid Triggers: Avoiding foods and drinks that trigger acid reflux, such as spicy foods, caffeine, and citrus fruits, can help prevent irritation of the esophagus.
• Quit Smoking: Smoking can weaken the lower esophageal sphincter and increase the risk of developing esophageal cancer, so quitting smoking is important for esophageal health.