Calcium

Calcium is an essential mineral that is important for the growth and maintenance of strong bones and teeth. It also plays a role in muscle function, nerve signaling, and hormone secretion. It is the most abundant mineral in the body, with 99% of it being stored in the bones and teeth.

Properties of Calcium

Atomic Number: 20
Symbol: Ca
Atomic Mass: 40.078 amu
Appearance: Silvery-gray
Melting Point: 842°C
Boiling Point: 1484°C

Sources of Calcium

Calcium is found in various foods such as dairy products (milk, cheese, and yogurt), green leafy vegetables (kale, broccoli), and fortified foods (cereals, orange juice). It is also available as a dietary supplement.

Benefits of Calcium

Promotes bone health and prevents osteoporosis
Supports muscle function and nerve transmission
Plays a role in blood clotting
Helps maintain healthy teeth
May reduce the risk of colon cancer

Deficiency and Excess

A deficiency in calcium can lead to weak or brittle bones, tooth decay, muscle cramps, and a higher risk of osteoporosis. On the other hand, an excess of calcium can cause kidney stones, constipation, and interfere with the absorption of other minerals such as iron and zinc.

Study Guide

When studying calcium, it's important to understand its role in the body, its sources, and the consequences of both deficiency and excess. Practice identifying calcium-rich foods and understanding the importance of maintaining adequate calcium levels for overall health.

Make sure to also study the chemical properties of calcium, such as its atomic number, symbol, and atomic mass. Understanding its physical properties, like its appearance and melting/boiling points, can also provide a comprehensive view of this essential mineral.

Additionally, it's beneficial to explore the benefits of calcium, such as its impact on bone health, muscle function, and blood clotting. Learning about the potential risks of both deficiency and excess can help in understanding the importance of maintaining a balanced intake of calcium.

Finally, consider the various ways to incorporate calcium into a balanced diet, whether through natural food sources, fortified products, or supplements.