Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are one of the main types of nutrients and are the most important source of energy for your body. Your digestive system changes carbohydrates into glucose (blood sugar). Your body uses this sugar for energy for your cells, tissues and organs.

Types of Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are divided into simple carbohydrates (sugars) and complex carbohydrates (starches and fiber).

Simple Carbohydrates: These are sugars that have a simple chemical structure and are quickly broken down and used for energy.
Complex Carbohydrates: These are made up of long chains of sugar molecules, which take more time to be broken down and provide a more sustained release of energy.

Sources of Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are found in a wide array of foods, including fruits, vegetables, grains, and dairy products. Some common sources of carbohydrates include:

Whole grains such as brown rice, quinoa, and oats
Fruits such as apples, bananas, and oranges
Vegetables such as sweet potatoes, carrots, and spinach
Dairy products such as milk and yogurt
Legumes such as lentils, chickpeas, and black beans

Functions of Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates have several important functions in the body, including:

Energy Production: They provide the primary source of energy for your body's cells.
Brain Function: Glucose from carbohydrates is the preferred source of energy for the brain.
Digestive Health: Dietary fiber, a type of carbohydrate, helps maintain healthy digestion and can lower the risk of certain diseases.
Regulating Blood Sugar: Carbohydrates play a role in controlling blood sugar levels in the body.

Study Guide

Here are some key points to remember about carbohydrates:

Carbohydrates are the main source of energy for the body.
They are divided into simple and complex carbohydrates.
Common sources of carbohydrates include fruits, vegetables, grains, and dairy products.
Carbohydrates have important functions such as energy production, brain function, digestive health, and blood sugar regulation.