What are Proteins?

Proteins are large, complex molecules that are essential for the structure, function, and regulation of the body's tissues and organs. They are made up of smaller units called amino acids, which are linked together in a specific sequence to form a unique protein.

Functions of Proteins

Proteins have a wide range of functions in the body, including:

• Structural Support: Proteins such as collagen and keratin provide structure and support to tissues like skin, hair, and nails.
• Enzymes: Many proteins act as enzymes, which are biological catalysts that facilitate and regulate chemical reactions in the body.
• Transport: Some proteins, like hemoglobin, transport important molecules such as oxygen in the blood.
• Immune Function: Antibodies are specialized proteins that help the body defend against foreign invaders like viruses and bacteria.
• Hormones: Certain proteins, like insulin, act as signaling molecules that regulate various physiological processes.

Sources of Protein

Protein is found in a variety of foods, including:

• Meat and poultry
• Fish and seafood
• Dairy products like milk, cheese, and yogurt
• Eggs
• Legumes such as beans, lentils, and chickpeas
• Nuts and seeds
• Tofu and other soy products

Study Guide

1. What are proteins made of?
2. What are the functions of proteins in the body?
3. List three sources of protein.
4. What is the role of enzymes in protein function?
5. How do proteins contribute to immune function?