Work

Work in science is defined as the application of a force over a distance. When a force is applied to an object and causes it to move, work is being done on the object. The formula for calculating work is:

Work (W) = Force (F) x Distance (d) x cos(θ)

Where:

W = work done (in joules)
F = applied force (in newtons)
d = distance moved in the direction of the force (in meters)
θ = angle between the force and the direction of motion

Study Guide

Here are some key points to understand about work:

Work and Energy: Work is closely related to energy. When work is done on an object, energy is transferred to or from the object. This is the basis for the work-energy theorem.
Units of Work: The SI unit of work is the joule (J). It is also equivalent to a newton-meter (N⋅m).
Direction of Force: The force and the displacement must be in the same direction for the maximum work to be done. When the force and displacement are perpendicular, the work done is zero.
Calculating Work: The work done can be calculated using the formula W = Fd cos(θ), where θ is the angle between the force and the displacement.
Positive and Negative Work: When the force and the displacement are in the same direction, the work is positive. When they are in opposite directions, the work is negative.