Potassium

Potassium is a chemical element with the symbol K and atomic number 19. It is a soft, silvery-white metal that reacts explosively with water and rapidly with air. Potassium is essential for all living organisms, as it plays a crucial role in various physiological processes.

Properties of Potassium:

• Physical Properties: Potassium is a soft, silver-white metal with a low melting point. It is highly reactive and is never found free in nature.
• Chemical Properties: Potassium readily reacts with water to produce hydrogen gas and potassium hydroxide. It also reacts with oxygen to form potassium oxide.
• Biological Properties: Potassium ions are vital for the functioning of all living cells. They play a key role in nerve transmission, muscle contraction, and maintaining fluid balance within the body.

Uses of Potassium:

• Health and Medicine: Potassium supplements are used to treat or prevent low potassium levels in the blood.
• Agriculture: Potassium compounds are widely used as fertilizers to improve the growth and quality of crops.
• Industrial Applications: Potassium compounds are used in the production of soaps, glass, and ceramics.

Study Guide:

1. What is the atomic number of potassium?
2. Describe the physical properties of potassium.
3. Explain the biological importance of potassium.
4. What are the main uses of potassium?