Hurricanes

A hurricane is a type of tropical cyclone, which is a rapidly rotating storm system characterized by a low-pressure center, a closed low-level atmospheric circulation, strong winds, and a spiral arrangement of thunderstorms that produce heavy rainfall. Hurricanes are known by different names in different regions. For example, they are called typhoons in the Northwest Pacific and cyclones in the South Pacific and Indian Ocean.

Formation of Hurricanes

Hurricanes form over warm ocean waters near the equator. They are powered by the heat and energy released when warm, moist air rises and condenses. The Coriolis effect, caused by the Earth's rotation, causes the storm to spin. As the storm gains strength, it can develop an eye, which is a calm area at the center of the storm with low pressure.

Structure of Hurricanes

A hurricane has several key parts: the eye, the eyewall, and the spiral rainbands. The eye is the center of the storm and is typically calm, with clear skies. Surrounding the eye is the eyewall, which contains the strongest winds and heaviest rainfall. Spiral rainbands extend outward from the eyewall and produce additional heavy rainfall and strong winds.

Effects of Hurricanes

Hurricanes can cause widespread destruction due to strong winds, heavy rainfall, storm surges, and flooding. They can damage buildings, infrastructure, and agriculture, and can lead to loss of life. In coastal areas, storm surges, which are large, rapid rises in water level, can inundate coastal areas and cause significant damage.

Study Guide

1. What are the key characteristics of a hurricane?
2. Explain the formation of hurricanes.
3. Describe the structure of a hurricane.
4. Discuss the effects of hurricanes on the environment and human populations.
5. How are hurricanes named in different regions of the world?
6. What are the measures taken for hurricane preparedness and mitigation?

Use the study guide to review the key concepts and prepare for discussions and assessments on the topic of hurricanes.