There are two main types of bone tissue: compact bone and spongy (cancellous) bone.
Compact Bone: Also known as cortical bone, compact bone is dense and forms the outer layer of bones. It is strong and provides support and protection.
Spongy Bone: Spongy bone is found at the ends of long bones and inside flat bones. It is less dense than compact bone and contains trabeculae, which provide structural support while also allowing for the passage of blood vessels and red bone marrow.
Osteoclasts: These cells are involved in bone resorption, breaking down bone tissue and releasing minerals into the bloodstream.
Extracellular Matrix
The extracellular matrix of bone tissue consists of collagen fibers, primarily type I collagen, which provide tensile strength, and mineralsalts, such as hydroxyapatite, which contribute to the hardness and rigidity of bone.
Movement: Bones, along with joints and muscles, facilitate movement and locomotion.
Mineral Storage: Bone tissue serves as a reservoir for minerals, particularly calcium and phosphate, which are essential for various physiological processes.
Hematopoiesis: Certain bones contain red bone marrow, where bloodcells are produced through a process called hematopoiesis.
Study Guide
Define bone tissue and explain its importance in the human body.
Describe the differences between compact bone and spongy bone, including their locations and functions.
Identify the main cell types found in bone tissue and their respective functions.
Explain the composition of the extracellular matrix in bone tissue, including the roles of collagen fibers and mineralsalts.
Discuss the functions of bone tissue, such as support, protection, movement, mineral storage, and hematopoiesis.
Plan an investigation to determine the relationships among the energy transferred, the type of matter, the mass, and the change in the average kinetic energy of the particles as measured by the temperature of the sample.