Monsoons

A monsoon is a seasonal change in the direction of the prevailing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation. Monsoons are commonly associated with the Indian Ocean, where they bring heavy rainfall to the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia.

Causes of Monsoons

Monsoons are primarily caused by the temperature difference between land and sea. During the summer, the land heats up faster than the ocean, creating low pressure over the land and high pressure over the ocean. This temperature difference causes moist air from the ocean to move inland, resulting in heavy rainfall.

Types of Monsoons

There are two main types of monsoons: the summer monsoon and the winter monsoon. The summer monsoon brings heavy rainfall to the region, while the winter monsoon brings dry and cool air.

Impacts of Monsoons

Monsoons play a crucial role in the agriculture and economy of the affected regions. The heavy rainfall during the summer monsoon is essential for the growth of crops, while the winter monsoon provides relief from the heat and replenishes water sources.

Study Guide

• What is a monsoon?
• What are the causes of monsoons?
• Describe the two main types of monsoons.
• Discuss the impacts of monsoons on the affected regions.