Synapses

A synapse is a structure that permits a neuron (or nerve cell) to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another neuron or to the target efferent cell. It is the junction between two nerve cells, consisting of a minute gap across which impulses pass by diffusion of a neurotransmitter.

Types of Synapses

• Electrical Synapses: These synapses allow for direct electrical communication between neurons through gap junctions.
• Chemical Synapses: These synapses involve the release of neurotransmitters from the presynaptic neuron, which then bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron, leading to the transmission of the signal.

Functions of Synapses

Synapses play a crucial role in the transmission of signals within the nervous system. They allow for the integration of multiple input signals and the modulation of signal strength, contributing to the overall functionality of the nervous system.

Study Guide for Synapses

1. Define a synapse and describe its structure.
2. Explain the difference between electrical and chemical synapses.
3. Discuss the role of neurotransmitters in synaptic transmission.
4. Describe the process of signal transmission across a synapse.
5. Explain the significance of synapses in the nervous system.