Hydropower

Hydropower, also known as hydroelectric power, is a form of renewable energy that harnesses the power of flowing or falling water to generate electricity. It is one of the oldest and most widely used renewable energy sources in the world.

How does hydropower work?

Hydropower plants use the kinetic energy of flowing or falling water to turn turbines, which then convert this energy into electricity. There are two main types of hydropower plants: run-of-the-river plants and storage plants. Run-of-the-river plants generate electricity by using the natural flow of the river, while storage plants store water in reservoirs and release it as needed to generate electricity.

Advantages of hydropower

• Renewable and sustainable
• Low greenhouse gas emissions
• Reliable source of electricity
• Can provide flood control and irrigation
• Long lifespan of hydropower plants

Disadvantages of hydropower

• Can have negative environmental impacts, such as habitat disruption and fish migration barriers
• Initial construction costs can be high
• Reliance on water availability
• Potential for reservoir sedimentation

Study guide

Here are some key points to remember when studying hydropower:

1. Understand the process of how hydropower plants generate electricity.
2. Be able to explain the advantages and disadvantages of hydropower.
3. Know the different types of hydropower plants and their differences.
4. Understand the environmental impacts of hydropower and potential solutions to mitigate them.
5. Be familiar with the historical and current uses of hydropower around the world.

By understanding these key points, you will have a solid grasp of the concepts and applications of hydropower.