Venus
Venus is the second planet from the Sun and the second-brightest natural object in the night sky after the Moon. It is often referred to as Earth's "sister planet" due to their similar size, mass, and proximity to the Sun.
Physical Characteristics
Venus has a thick atmosphere composed mainly of carbon dioxide, with clouds of sulfuric acid. This creates a strong greenhouse effect, resulting in surface temperatures that are hot enough to melt lead. The surface of Venus is rocky and has many volcanoes, impact craters, and vast highland regions.
Orbit and Rotation
Venus has a slow rotation, taking about 243 Earth days to complete one rotation on its axis. However, its orbit around the Sun takes around 225 Earth days, making a year on Venus shorter than its day. Additionally, Venus rotates in the opposite direction to most planets, a phenomenon known as retrograde rotation.
Study Guide
- What is the position of Venus in the solar system?
- Describe the atmosphere of Venus.
- How does the greenhouse effect contribute to Venus's extreme temperatures?
- Compare the rotation and orbit of Venus with that of Earth.
- Explain the phenomenon of retrograde rotation and its significance for Venus.
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