Imperialism Study Guide

What is Imperialism?

Imperialism is the policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force. It involves the control and exploitation of other nations, often for economic gain.

Causes of Imperialism

Economic interests: Industrialized nations sought new markets and sources of raw materials.
Political and military motives: Nations sought to gain strategic advantage and increase their global power.
Social and cultural reasons: Some believed in the superiority of their civilization and wanted to spread their culture and values.
Technological advancements: Advances in transportation and communication made it easier to establish and maintain imperial control over distant territories.

Effects of Imperialism

Economic exploitation: Imperial powers extracted resources and cheap labor from their colonies.
Cultural impact: Indigenous cultures were often suppressed or assimilated into the dominant colonial culture.
Political changes: Colonized nations experienced changes in governance and administration under imperial rule.
Resistance and independence movements: Many colonies eventually sought independence and self-governance, leading to the end of direct imperial control.

Key Terms

Here are some key terms related to imperialism:

Colonialism: The practice of acquiring full or partial control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically.
Sphere of Influence: An area where a foreign nation controls economic development but allows the local government to retain control over internal affairs.
White Man's Burden: A belief that it was the duty of Western nations to bring their civilization to the "uncivilized" peoples of the world.

Study Tips

When studying imperialism, it's important to focus on understanding the motivations behind imperial expansion, the impact on colonized societies, and the eventual push for independence. Consider the economic, political, and cultural aspects of imperialism, and be prepared to discuss specific examples of imperialist powers and their colonies.