Mexico is a country located in the southern part of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States, to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean, to the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea, and to the east by the Gulf of Mexico. It is the 11th most populous country in the world and the most populous Spanish-speaking country.
Mexico is known for its diverse geography, including deserts, mountains, and tropical rainforests. The country is home to several mountain ranges, with the Sierra Madre Occidental and the Sierra Madre Oriental being the most prominent. The highest point in Mexico is the Pico de Orizaba, a dormant volcano and the third highest peak in North America.
The history of Mexico is rich and complex, with ancient civilizations such as the Olmec, Maya, and Aztec leaving a lasting impact on the country. In 1521, the Spanish conquistadors led by Hernán Cortés conquered the Aztec Empire, leading to the colonization of Mexico by Spain for over 300 years. Mexico gained its independence from Spain in 1821 and has since experienced periods of political and social upheaval, including the Mexican Revolution in the early 20th century.
Mexico has a vibrant and diverse culture that is influenced by its indigenous heritage as well as European and African traditions. The country is known for its music, art, cuisine, and festivals, including Día de los Muertos (Day of the Dead) and Cinco de Mayo. The traditional Mexican cuisine, including tacos, tamales, and mole, is celebrated worldwide for its flavors and variety.
Mexico is a federal republic with a president as the head of state and government. The country has a mixed economy with a mixture of modern industry and agriculture, as well as a growing service sector. Mexico is a major exporter of oil, electronics, automobiles, and agricultural products, and has established trade relationships with countries around the world.