Nasal Cavity

The nasal cavity is a complex structure within the head that is responsible for the passage of air into the respiratory system. It is located behind the nose and is lined with a mucous membrane that helps to warm, moisten, and filter the air as it enters the body.

Anatomy of the Nasal Cavity

The nasal cavity is divided into two halves by the nasal septum. Each half contains three bony projections called turbinates, which increase the surface area of the cavity and help to improve the efficiency of air conditioning before it enters the respiratory system.

Functions of the Nasal Cavity

The nasal cavity serves several important functions:

1. Filtering: The hairs and mucus in the nasal cavity help to filter out dust, pollen, and other particles from the air.
2. Moistening: The mucous membrane in the nasal cavity helps to add moisture to the air, preventing the respiratory system from drying out.
3. Warming: As air passes through the nasal cavity, it is warmed to body temperature, reducing the shock to the lungs caused by inhaling cold air.
4. Smell: The nasal cavity contains receptors for the sense of smell, allowing us to detect and differentiate between various odors.

Common Disorders of the Nasal Cavity

Some common disorders of the nasal cavity include:

1. Deviated Septum: A condition in which the nasal septum is displaced to one side, causing difficulty breathing.
2. Nasal Polyps: Soft, painless growths that develop on the lining of the nasal passages or sinuses and can cause sinus congestion and a reduced sense of smell.
3. Rhinitis: Inflammation of the mucous membrane in the nose, causing symptoms such as a runny nose, sneezing, and congestion.

Study Guide

When studying the nasal cavity, it's important to focus on the following key points:

• The anatomy of the nasal cavity, including the nasal septum and turbinates.
• The functions of the nasal cavity, such as filtering, moistening, and warming the air, as well as its role in the sense of smell.
• Common disorders of the nasal cavity and their symptoms.

Understanding the structure and function of the nasal cavity is essential for anyone studying human anatomy or respiratory physiology.