Formation of Anions

Anions are formed through the process of electron gain, where an atom gains one or more electrons to achieve a stable octet configuration, similar to the nearest noble gas.

Naming Anions

Naming anions involves changing the ending of the element's name to "-ide". For example, the anion of chlorine is called chloride, and the anion of oxygen is called oxide.

Properties of Anions

Anions generally have larger ionic radii compared to their parent atoms. This is because the addition of extra electrons increases the electron-electron repulsion, causing the outermost electron shell to expand.

Examples of Common Anions

• Chloride (Cl⁻)
• Bromide (Br⁻)
• Iodide (I⁻)
• Oxide (O²⁻)
• Sulfide (S²⁻)
• Nitride (N³⁻)

Study Guide for Anions

1. Electron Gain: Understand the process of electron gain and how it leads to the formation of anions.
2. Octet Rule: Familiarize yourself with the octet rule and how it relates to the formation of anions.
3. Naming: Practice naming common anions and understanding the naming conventions for anions.
4. Properties: Explore the properties of anions, such as ionic radii and electron configuration.
5. Examples: Study and memorize common anions and their corresponding parent atoms.