Dependent variables are the outputs or outcomes in an experiment or study. They depend on the independent variables, which are the inputs or factors that are manipulated or changed. The value of the dependent variable is determined by the changes in the independent variable.
In an experiment to test how the amount of fertilizer affects plant growth, the dependent variable is the height of the plant. The amount of fertilizer (independent variable) is changed, and the resulting growth of the plant (dependent variable) is measured.
To identify the dependent variable, ask yourself what is being measured or observed in response to the changes in the independent variable. Dependent variables are typically the outcomes, results, or effects of the changes being studied.