Chloroplasts

Chloroplasts are a type of organelle found in plant cells. They are responsible for the process of photosynthesis, which is the conversion of light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose.

Structure of Chloroplasts

Chloroplasts are disc-shaped organelles that contain a green pigment called chlorophyll. They have a double membrane structure, with an inner and outer membrane. Inside the chloroplasts, there are thylakoid membranes which are arranged in stacks called grana. The space inside the chloroplasts is called the stroma, where the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis takes place.

Function of Chloroplasts

The main function of chloroplasts is to carry out the process of photosynthesis. During photosynthesis, chloroplasts capture light energy and use it to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. This process is essential for the survival of plants and other organisms that depend on them for food and oxygen.

Study Guide

1. What is the main function of chloroplasts?
2. Describe the structure of chloroplasts.
3. What pigment is found in chloroplasts?
4. Where does the Calvin cycle take place within the chloroplast?
5. Explain the process of photosynthesis and the role of chloroplasts in it.

After studying this topic, you should be able to understand the structure and function of chloroplasts, as well as their importance in the process of photosynthesis.