Nutrients

Nutrients are essential substances that provide the energy and materials needed for growth, development, and overall health. There are six main categories of nutrients: carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water. Each of these nutrients plays a specific role in maintaining the body's functions and promoting overall well-being.

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are the body's main source of energy. They are found in foods such as bread, rice, pasta, and fruits. Carbohydrates are broken down into glucose, which is used by the body for immediate energy or stored in the liver and muscles for later use.

Proteins

Proteins are essential for building and repairing tissues in the body. They are made up of amino acids, which are the building blocks of the body. Good sources of protein include meat, fish, eggs, dairy products, nuts, and legumes.

Fats

Fats are a concentrated source of energy and are important for the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins. They also play a role in maintaining healthy skin and hair. Fats can be found in foods such as oils, butter, avocados, and nuts.

Vitamins

Vitamins are essential for various bodily functions, including metabolism, immune function, and cell growth. There are 13 essential vitamins, each with its own specific role in the body. Vitamins can be found in a wide variety of foods, including fruits, vegetables, dairy products, and fortified cereals.

Minerals

Minerals are important for building strong bones and teeth, regulating body fluids, and converting food into energy. Some common minerals include calcium, iron, potassium, and zinc. Good sources of minerals include dairy products, leafy green vegetables, nuts, and whole grains.

Water

Water is essential for life and makes up a large percentage of the human body. It is important for regulating body temperature, transporting nutrients and oxygen to cells, and removing waste products from the body. It is recommended to drink at least 8 glasses of water per day to stay properly hydrated.

Study Guide

1. What are the six main categories of nutrients?
2. What is the main function of carbohydrates in the body?
3. Which foods are good sources of protein?
4. Why are fats important for the body?
5. How do vitamins contribute to overall health?
6. What are some common minerals and their roles in the body?
7. Why is water essential for the body?
8. How much water is recommended to drink per day for proper hydration?

Understanding the importance of each nutrient and incorporating a variety of nutrient-rich foods into your diet is essential for maintaining good health and well-being.