Formation of Anions

Anions are formed through the process of electron gain. Non-metallic elements tend to gain electrons to achieve a stable outer electron configuration, typically with eight electrons in their outermost energy level. This results in the formation of negatively charged ions.

Naming Convention for Anions

Anions are named by adding the suffix "-ide" to the root of the element's name. For example, when chlorine gains an electron to form an anion, it is named chloride (Cl-).

Properties of Anions

- Anions are larger in size compared to their parent atoms due to the addition of extra electrons, which increases the electron-electron repulsion. - Anions are attracted to the positive terminal of a battery or external electric field due to their negative charge. - Anions can form ionic compounds with cations (positively charged ions) through electrostatic interactions.

Study Guide for Anions

To study anions effectively, consider the following key points:

Understand the process of electron gain and the formation of anions.
Learn the naming convention for anions and practice naming common anions formed by non-metallic elements.
Explore the properties of anions, including their size, charge, and behavior in electric fields.
Practice writing chemical formulas for ionic compounds formed by anions and cations.
Engage in hands-on activities or simulations to visualize the behavior of anions in different chemical scenarios.