Sikhism

Sikhism is a monotheistic religion that originated in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent in the 15th century. It was founded by Guru Nanak, the first of the ten Sikh Gurus. Sikhism emphasizes the importance of leading a truthful life, meditating on the name of God, and serving humanity. The central religious scripture of Sikhism is the Guru Granth Sahib, a collection of hymns and writings by the Sikh Gurus and other saints.

Key Beliefs

One God: Sikhs believe in one God who is without form or gender.
Equality: Sikhism teaches the equality of all people, regardless of their race, gender, or social status.
Selfless Service: Sikhs are encouraged to engage in selfless service and to contribute to the welfare of others.
Reincarnation: Sikhs believe in the cycle of birth and rebirth, known as reincarnation, and aim to break this cycle through spiritual growth.

Practices and Symbols

Sikhs practice various rituals and traditions, including:

Worship: Sikhs gather in Gurdwaras (Sikh places of worship) to sing hymns, listen to readings from the Guru Granth Sahib, and engage in prayer.
Five Ks: The Five Ks are five articles of faith that Sikhs are expected to wear at all times, including the kesh (uncut hair), kangha (wooden comb), kara (steel bracelet), kachera (cotton undergarments), and kirpan (ceremonial sword).
Langar: Sikhs maintain community kitchens known as langars, where free meals are served to all visitors, regardless of their background.

History and Expansion

Over the centuries, Sikhism has undergone periods of persecution and growth. The faith expanded under the leadership of the ten Sikh Gurus and faced challenges during the Mughal and British colonial periods. Today, Sikhism has a global presence, with significant populations in India, the United Kingdom, Canada, the United States, and other countries.

Study Guide

What are the key beliefs of Sikhism?
What are the Five Ks and why are they important to Sikhs?
How do Sikhs practice selfless service?
What is the significance of the Guru Granth Sahib in Sikhism?
Describe the role of langar in Sikh tradition.
Explain the historical challenges faced by Sikhism and its expansion to other parts of the world.