Gallbladder

The gallbladder is a small, pear-shaped organ located on the right side of the abdomen, just beneath the liver. Its main function is to store and concentrate bile, a yellowish-green fluid produced by the liver that helps with the digestion of fats.

Structure of the Gallbladder

The gallbladder is divided into three main parts: the fundus, body, and neck. It has a capacity of approximately 50 mL and is lined with a mucous membrane that contains folds called rugae, allowing it to expand and contract as it fills and empties.

Function of the Gallbladder

When we eat, the gallbladder contracts and releases bile into the small intestine to help with the digestion and absorption of fats. Bile emulsifies fats, breaking them down into smaller droplets that can be more easily digested by enzymes. Additionally, bile helps in the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins such as A, D, E, and K.

Common Gallbladder Disorders

• Gallstones: These are hardened deposits of digestive fluid that can form in the gallbladder. They can cause severe pain if they block the bile ducts.
• Cholecystitis: This is the inflammation of the gallbladder, often caused by gallstones. It can lead to abdominal pain, fever, and nausea.
• Biliary colic: This occurs when a gallstone temporarily blocks the bile duct, causing sudden and severe pain in the upper right abdomen.

How to Keep Your Gallbladder Healthy

To maintain a healthy gallbladder, it's important to eat a balanced diet that is low in saturated fats and cholesterol, high in fiber, and rich in fruits and vegetables. Drinking an adequate amount of water and staying physically active can also help prevent gallbladder problems.

Study Guide for Gallbladder

1. What is the main function of the gallbladder?
2. Describe the structure of the gallbladder.
3. How does bile aid in the digestion of fats?
4. What are some common disorders associated with the gallbladder?
5. What dietary and lifestyle habits can help maintain a healthy gallbladder?