Industrialization

Industrialization refers to the process of transitioning a society from an agrarian economy to one based on industry, manufacturing, and mechanized production. This transformation typically involves the introduction of new technologies, the rise of factories, and changes in the organization of labor.

Main Features of Industrialization

Technological Advancements: Industrialization is marked by the development and adoption of new technologies, such as the steam engine, the spinning jenny, and the power loom during the First Industrial Revolution.
Urbanization: The growth of factories and industries led to the migration of people from rural areas to urban centers in search of employment opportunities.
Division of Labor: Factories introduced a system of division of labor, where tasks were broken down into specialized and repetitive jobs, leading to increased productivity but also monotonous work conditions.
Economic Changes: Industrialization often leads to significant changes in a society's economic structure, such as the shift from a barter system to a monetary economy and the rise of capitalism.
Social Impacts: Industrialization brought about major social changes, including the emergence of a working class, labor movements, and debates about working conditions and child labor.

Impact of Industrialization

Industrialization had far-reaching effects on various aspects of society, including the economy, politics, and culture. It transformed the way goods were produced, facilitated the growth of cities, and contributed to the rise of global trade and imperialism.