Treaty of Versailles

The Treaty of Versailles was one of the peace treaties signed at the end of World War I. It was signed on June 28, 1919, and officially ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers. The treaty was signed at the Palace of Versailles in France.

Main Points of the Treaty

• War Guilt Clause: Germany was forced to accept full responsibility for causing the war.
• Reparations: Germany was required to pay reparations for the damage caused during the war. The exact amount was later set at 132 billion gold marks.
• Territorial Losses: Germany lost significant territory, including Alsace-Lorraine to France, Eupen-Malmedy to Belgium, and West Prussia, Posen, and Upper Silesia to Poland.
• Military Restrictions: Germany's military was limited to 100,000 troops, and it was forbidden to have an air force, submarines, and tanks.
• League of Nations: The League of Nations was established as an international organization to maintain peace and resolve disputes between countries.

Impact of the Treaty

The Treaty of Versailles had a profound impact on Germany and the world. Many Germans viewed the treaty as a humiliating and punitive document, leading to resentment and a desire for revenge. The treaty's harsh terms contributed to political instability in Germany and set the stage for the rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party.

Study Guide

1. What was the War Guilt Clause in the Treaty of Versailles?
2. How much were the reparations set at for Germany?
3. Which territories did Germany lose as a result of the treaty?
4. What were the military restrictions imposed on Germany?
5. What was the purpose of the League of Nations?
6. What impact did the Treaty of Versailles have on Germany?

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