Printable Virginia Standards of Learning High School Earth Science Worksheets and Answer Keys, Study Guides and Vocabulary Sets.
Earth Science encompasses four main branches of study which include geology, meteorology, oceanography, and astronomy.
VA.9-12. Virginia 2010 Science Standards of Learning
EARTH SCIENCE
ES.1. The student will plan and conduct investigations in which
ES.1.b) Technologies, including computers, probeware, and geospatial technologies, are used to collect, analyze, and report data and to demonstrate concepts and simulate experimental conditions.
Lab investigations/scientific methodA biologist reported success in breeding a tiger with a lion, producing healthy offspring. Other biologists will accept this report as fact only if other researchers can replicate the experiment. Read more...iWorksheets :3 ES.1.c) Scales, diagrams, charts, graphs, tables, imagery, models, and profiles are constructed and interpreted.
ES.1.d) Maps and globes are read and interpreted, including location by latitude and longitude.
ES.1.f) Current applications are used to reinforce Earth science concepts.
ES.3. The student will investigate and understand the characteristics of Earth and the solar system. Key concepts include
ES.3.a) Position of Earth in the solar system.
ES.3.b) Sun-Earth-moon relationships; (seasons, tides, and eclipses).
ES.3.c) Characteristics of the sun, planets and their moons, comets, meteors, and asteroids.
ES.3.d) The history and contributions of space exploration.
ES.4. The student will investigate and understand how to identify major rock-forming and ore minerals based on physical and chemical properties. Key concepts include
ES.4.a) Hardness, color and streak, luster, cleavage, fracture, and unique properties.
ES.4.b) Uses of minerals.
ES.5. The student will investigate and understand the rock cycle as it relates to the origin and transformation of rock types and how to identify common rock types based on mineral composition and textures. Key concepts include
ES.5.a) Igneous rocks.
ES.5.b) Sedimentary rocks.
ES.5.c) Metamorphic rocks.
ES.6. The student will investigate and understand the differences between renewable and nonrenewable resources. Key concepts include
ES.6.d) Environmental costs and benefits.
OceansWorksheets :4Vocabulary :3 ES.7. The student will investigate and understand geologic processes including plate tectonics. Key concepts include
ES.7.a) Geologic processes and their resulting features.
ES.7.b) Tectonic processes.
ES.8. The student will investigate and understand how freshwater resources are influenced by geologic processes and the activities of humans. Key concepts include
ES.8.a) Processes of soil development.
ES.8.c) Relationships between groundwater zones, including saturated and unsaturated zones, and the water table.
ES.8.d) Identification of sources of fresh water including rivers, springs, and aquifers, with reference to the hydrologic cycle.
ES.8.e) Dependence on freshwater resources and the effects of human USAge on water quality.
ES.9. The student will investigate and understand that many aspects of the history and evolution of Earth and life can be inferred by studying rocks and fossils. Key concepts include
ES.9.a) Traces and remains of ancient, often extinct, life are preserved by various means in many sedimentary rocks.
ES.9.b) Superposition, cross-cutting relationships, index fossils, and radioactive decay are methods of dating bodies of rock.
ES.9.c) Absolute and relative dating have different applications but can be used together to determine the age of rocks and structures.
ES.9.d) Rocks and fossils from many different geologic periods and epochs are found in Virginia.
ES.10. The student will investigate and understand that oceans are complex, interactive physical, chemical, and biological systems and are subject to long- and short-term variations. Key concepts include
ES.10.a) Physical and chemical changes related to tides, waves, currents, sea level and ice cap variations, upwelling, and salinity variations.
OceansWorksheets :4Vocabulary :3 ES.10.b) Importance of environmental and geologic implications.
OceansWorksheets :4Vocabulary :3 ES.10.c) Systems interactions.
OceansWorksheets :4Vocabulary :3 ES.10.d) Features of the sea floor as reflections of tectonic processes.
ES.10.e) Economic and public policy issues concerning the oceans and the coastal zone including the Chesapeake Bay.
OceansWorksheets :4Vocabulary :3 ES.11. The student will investigate and understand the origin and evolution of the atmosphere and the interrelationship of geologic processes, biologic processes, and human activities on its composition and dynamics. Key concepts include
ES.11.c) Atmospheric regulation mechanisms including the effects of density differences and energy transfer.
ES.11.d) Potential changes to the atmosphere and climate due to human, biologic, and geologic activity.
ES.12. The student will investigate and understand that energy transfer between the sun and Earth and its atmosphere drives weather and climate on Earth. Key concepts include
ES.12.a) Observation and collection of weather data.
ES.12.b) Prediction of weather patterns.
ES.12.c) Severe weather occurrences, such as tornadoes, hurricanes, and major storms.
ES.12.d) Weather phenomena and the factors that affect climate including radiation, conduction, and convection.
OceansWorksheets :4Vocabulary :3 ES.13. The student will investigate and understand scientific concepts related to the origin and evolution of the universe. Key concepts include
ES.13.a) Cosmology including the Big Bang theory.
ES.13.b) The origin and evolution of stars, star systems, and galaxies.
BIOLOGY
BIO.1. The student will demonstrate an understanding of scientific reasoning, logic, and the nature of science by planning and conducting investigations in which
BIO.1.i) Appropriate technology, including computers, graphing calculators, and probeware, is used for gathering and analyzing data, communicating results, modeling concepts, and simulating experimental conditions.
The science of biologyThe processes of science include the formulation of scientifically investigable questions, construction of investigations into those questions, the collection of appropriate data, the evaluation of the meaning of those data, and the communication of this evaluation. Scientific knowledge is based on observation and inference; it is important to recognize that these are very different things. Read more...iWorksheets :3 Introduction to cellsAll living things are made from one or more cells. The nucleus is the control center of the cell. It houses the nucleolus and genetic material (chromatin) used for directing cell functions. Nuclear pores allow materials to pass in and out of the nucleus. The nuclear envelope is a membrane which surrounds and protects the nucleus. The nucleolus produces ribosomes. Ribosomes are factories that produce proteins needed by the cell. Lysosomes contain chemicals (enzymes) that break down and recycle harmful materials. Read more...iWorksheets :3Vocabulary :4 BIO.1.m) Current applications of biological concepts are used.
Lab investigations/scientific methodA biologist reported success in breeding a tiger with a lion, producing healthy offspring. Other biologists will accept this report as fact only if other researchers can replicate the experiment. Read more...iWorksheets :3 BIO.2. The student will investigate and understand the chemical and biochemical principles essential for life. Key concepts include
BIO.2.b) The structure and function of macromolecules.
Cell ReproductionThe process where one cell forms two identical daughter cells. Mitosis is how somatic—or non-reproductive cells—divide. Meiosis is cell division that creates sex cells, like female egg cells or male sperm cells. Meiosis has two cycles of cell division, called Meiosis I and Meiosis II. Read more...iWorksheets :4 BIO.2.d) The capture, storage, transformation, and flow of energy through the processes of photosynthesis and respiration.
Cell processesFreeCellular metabolism is the set of chemical reactions that occur in living organisms in order to maintain life. Living organisms are unique in that they can extract energy from their environments and use it to carry out activities such as growth, development, and reproduction. Read more...iWorksheets :3Vocabulary :7 Photosynthesis and respirationPhotosynthesis may be thought of as a chemical reaction in which carbon dioxide from the air and water from the soil plus solar energy combine to produce carbohydrate and oxygen. What is similarity between human skeletal muscles and some bacteria? Match each Photosynthesis ad respiration term to its definition like Glucose, Chloroplast, Organelle, Guard Cells and many more. Read more...iWorksheets :4Vocabulary :2 BIO.3. The student will investigate and understand relationships between cell structure and function. Key concepts include
BIO.3.a) Evidence supporting the cell theory.
Introduction to cellsAll living things are made from one or more cells. The nucleus is the control center of the cell. It houses the nucleolus and genetic material (chromatin) used for directing cell functions. Nuclear pores allow materials to pass in and out of the nucleus. The nuclear envelope is a membrane which surrounds and protects the nucleus. The nucleolus produces ribosomes. Ribosomes are factories that produce proteins needed by the cell. Lysosomes contain chemicals (enzymes) that break down and recycle harmful materials. Read more...iWorksheets :3Vocabulary :4 BIO.3.b) Characteristics of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Cell structure and functionMatch each Cell structure term to its definition like DNA, Lysosomes, Mitochondrion, Lipids, Endoplasmic reticulum, Osmosis and many more. What are the organelles that provide the energy to sperm cells? What hemoglobin, insulin, albumin and maltase are composed of? These animal and plant cell worksheets recommended for students of High School Biology. Read more...iWorksheets :3Vocabulary :5 BIO.3.c) Similarities between the activities of the organelles in a single cell and a whole organism.
Introduction to cellsAll living things are made from one or more cells. The nucleus is the control center of the cell. It houses the nucleolus and genetic material (chromatin) used for directing cell functions. Nuclear pores allow materials to pass in and out of the nucleus. The nuclear envelope is a membrane which surrounds and protects the nucleus. The nucleolus produces ribosomes. Ribosomes are factories that produce proteins needed by the cell. Lysosomes contain chemicals (enzymes) that break down and recycle harmful materials. Read more...iWorksheets :3Vocabulary :4 Cell structure and functionMatch each Cell structure term to its definition like DNA, Lysosomes, Mitochondrion, Lipids, Endoplasmic reticulum, Osmosis and many more. What are the organelles that provide the energy to sperm cells? What hemoglobin, insulin, albumin and maltase are composed of? These animal and plant cell worksheets recommended for students of High School Biology. Read more...iWorksheets :3Vocabulary :5 Cell processesFreeCellular metabolism is the set of chemical reactions that occur in living organisms in order to maintain life. Living organisms are unique in that they can extract energy from their environments and use it to carry out activities such as growth, development, and reproduction. Read more...iWorksheets :3Vocabulary :7 Human biology IBronchi - large tubules that branch from the trachea to carry air in and out of the lungs. Capillaries - the smallest blood vessels found in very rich networks
between arteries and veins; the site where many substances are exchanged. Antibodies - a specific protein produced by B lymphocytes that attaches to an antigen and leads to its removal. Read more...iWorksheets :4Vocabulary :7 Human biology IIAntigen - a molecule that the immune system recognizes as part of the body or foreign to the body. Appendicular skeleton - a part of the skeleton composed of 126 bones found in the flexible regions of the body, including shoulders, hips and limbs. Axial skeleton - the central, anchoring part of the bony skeleton that
consists of the skull, backbone (vertebrae) and rib cage. Bile - a chemical produced by the liver and stored temporarily in the gall bladder that is released into the intestines to help in fat digestion. Read more...iWorksheets :3Vocabulary :7 BIO.3.d) The cell membrane model.
Cell structure and functionMatch each Cell structure term to its definition like DNA, Lysosomes, Mitochondrion, Lipids, Endoplasmic reticulum, Osmosis and many more. What are the organelles that provide the energy to sperm cells? What hemoglobin, insulin, albumin and maltase are composed of? These animal and plant cell worksheets recommended for students of High School Biology. Read more...iWorksheets :3Vocabulary :5 Cell processesFreeCellular metabolism is the set of chemical reactions that occur in living organisms in order to maintain life. Living organisms are unique in that they can extract energy from their environments and use it to carry out activities such as growth, development, and reproduction. Read more...iWorksheets :3Vocabulary :7 BIO.3.e) The impact of surface area to volume ratio on cell division, material transport, and other life processes.
Cell ReproductionThe process where one cell forms two identical daughter cells. Mitosis is how somatic—or non-reproductive cells—divide. Meiosis is cell division that creates sex cells, like female egg cells or male sperm cells. Meiosis has two cycles of cell division, called Meiosis I and Meiosis II. Read more...iWorksheets :4 BIO.4. The student will investigate and understand life functions of Archaea, Bacteria and Eukarya. Key concepts include
BIO.4.a) Comparison of their metabolic activities.
Cell processesFreeCellular metabolism is the set of chemical reactions that occur in living organisms in order to maintain life. Living organisms are unique in that they can extract energy from their environments and use it to carry out activities such as growth, development, and reproduction. Read more...iWorksheets :3Vocabulary :7 Photosynthesis and respirationPhotosynthesis may be thought of as a chemical reaction in which carbon dioxide from the air and water from the soil plus solar energy combine to produce carbohydrate and oxygen. What is similarity between human skeletal muscles and some bacteria? Match each Photosynthesis ad respiration term to its definition like Glucose, Chloroplast, Organelle, Guard Cells and many more. Read more...iWorksheets :4Vocabulary :2 Human biology IBronchi - large tubules that branch from the trachea to carry air in and out of the lungs. Capillaries - the smallest blood vessels found in very rich networks
between arteries and veins; the site where many substances are exchanged. Antibodies - a specific protein produced by B lymphocytes that attaches to an antigen and leads to its removal. Read more...iWorksheets :4Vocabulary :7 Human biology IIAntigen - a molecule that the immune system recognizes as part of the body or foreign to the body. Appendicular skeleton - a part of the skeleton composed of 126 bones found in the flexible regions of the body, including shoulders, hips and limbs. Axial skeleton - the central, anchoring part of the bony skeleton that
consists of the skull, backbone (vertebrae) and rib cage. Bile - a chemical produced by the liver and stored temporarily in the gall bladder that is released into the intestines to help in fat digestion. Read more...iWorksheets :3Vocabulary :7 BIO.4.b) Maintenance of homeostasis.
Cell processesFreeCellular metabolism is the set of chemical reactions that occur in living organisms in order to maintain life. Living organisms are unique in that they can extract energy from their environments and use it to carry out activities such as growth, development, and reproduction. Read more...iWorksheets :3Vocabulary :7 Human biology IBronchi - large tubules that branch from the trachea to carry air in and out of the lungs. Capillaries - the smallest blood vessels found in very rich networks
between arteries and veins; the site where many substances are exchanged. Antibodies - a specific protein produced by B lymphocytes that attaches to an antigen and leads to its removal. Read more...iWorksheets :4Vocabulary :7 Human biology IIAntigen - a molecule that the immune system recognizes as part of the body or foreign to the body. Appendicular skeleton - a part of the skeleton composed of 126 bones found in the flexible regions of the body, including shoulders, hips and limbs. Axial skeleton - the central, anchoring part of the bony skeleton that
consists of the skull, backbone (vertebrae) and rib cage. Bile - a chemical produced by the liver and stored temporarily in the gall bladder that is released into the intestines to help in fat digestion. Read more...iWorksheets :3Vocabulary :7 BIO.4.c) How the structures and functions vary among and within the Eukarya kingdoms of protists, fungi, plants, and animals, including humans.
Introduction to plantsWhich woody plant structure possesses vascular tissue lenticels? From which part of the seed will the leaves and upper portions of the stem of a plant develop? Match each plants term to its definition like Lactic acid fermentation, ovule, gymnosperm, guard cells, phloem, vascular tissue, root cap. Read more...iWorksheets :3Vocabulary :5 Microorganisms IITaxonomy is the classification of all known living organisms that shows
relationships between different organisms. Pseudopod is false feet; temporary fingerlike projections a one-celled organism, such as an amoeba, uses to move. Protozoa - single-celled, animal-like protist that has the ability to move. Mycelium - a mass of fungal hyphae that absorbs nutrients. Read more...iWorksheets :3Vocabulary :5 Introduction to animalsClassification - the process of grouping items together according to their
similarities. Kingdom - large category included in scientific classification system and the taxonomic category above phylum; scientists recognize six kingdoms: animals, plants, fungi, protista, eubacteria, and archaebacteria. Vertebrates - animals that have a backbone; five main groups of vertebrates: fish, birds, reptiles, amphibians and mammals. Read more...iWorksheets :4Vocabulary :3 BIO.4.d) Human health issues, human anatomy, and body systems.
Microorganisms IHyphae - threadlike filaments of branching cells that make up the bodies of multicellular fungi. Gymnosperm - group of vascular plants that develop seeds without a protective outer covering; they do not produce flowers or fruit. Flagellum - a tail-like structure found on bacteria and select protists which helps them to move. Volvox - a freshwater, chlorophyll-containing green alga, that occurs in ball-shaped colonies. Read more...iWorksheets :4Vocabulary :5 BIO.4.e) How viruses compare with organisms.
Microorganisms IHyphae - threadlike filaments of branching cells that make up the bodies of multicellular fungi. Gymnosperm - group of vascular plants that develop seeds without a protective outer covering; they do not produce flowers or fruit. Flagellum - a tail-like structure found on bacteria and select protists which helps them to move. Volvox - a freshwater, chlorophyll-containing green alga, that occurs in ball-shaped colonies. Read more...iWorksheets :4Vocabulary :5 BIO.5. The student will investigate and understand common mechanisms of inheritance and protein synthesis. Key concepts include
BIO.5.a) Cell growth and division.
Cell ReproductionThe process where one cell forms two identical daughter cells. Mitosis is how somatic—or non-reproductive cells—divide. Meiosis is cell division that creates sex cells, like female egg cells or male sperm cells. Meiosis has two cycles of cell division, called Meiosis I and Meiosis II. Read more...iWorksheets :4 BIO.5.b) Gamete formation.
Cell ReproductionThe process where one cell forms two identical daughter cells. Mitosis is how somatic—or non-reproductive cells—divide. Meiosis is cell division that creates sex cells, like female egg cells or male sperm cells. Meiosis has two cycles of cell division, called Meiosis I and Meiosis II. Read more...iWorksheets :4 BIO.5.d) Prediction of inheritance of traits based on the Mendelian laws of heredity.
Genetics and heredity IHow many chromosomes would normally be contained in a gamete? Match each Genetics and heredity term to its definition like Genetic code, Crossing-over, Fertilization, Codon, Dominant allele, Ribosomes, Sex cells, Punnett square, Prophase II. Read more...iWorksheets :4Vocabulary :7 BIO.5.e) Historical development of the structural model of DNA.
Cell ReproductionThe process where one cell forms two identical daughter cells. Mitosis is how somatic—or non-reproductive cells—divide. Meiosis is cell division that creates sex cells, like female egg cells or male sperm cells. Meiosis has two cycles of cell division, called Meiosis I and Meiosis II. Read more...iWorksheets :4 Nucleic acids and protein synthesisThe term nucleic acid is the name for DNA and RNA. They are composed of nucleotides. DNA molecules are double-stranded and RNA molecules are single-stranded. To initiate the process of information transfer, one strand of the double-stranded DNA chain serves as a template for the synthesis of a single strand of RNA that is complementary to the DNA strand. Read more...iWorksheets :4Vocabulary :3 BIO.5.g) The structure, function, and replication of nucleic acids.
Cell ReproductionThe process where one cell forms two identical daughter cells. Mitosis is how somatic—or non-reproductive cells—divide. Meiosis is cell division that creates sex cells, like female egg cells or male sperm cells. Meiosis has two cycles of cell division, called Meiosis I and Meiosis II. Read more...iWorksheets :4 Nucleic acids and protein synthesisThe term nucleic acid is the name for DNA and RNA. They are composed of nucleotides. DNA molecules are double-stranded and RNA molecules are single-stranded. To initiate the process of information transfer, one strand of the double-stranded DNA chain serves as a template for the synthesis of a single strand of RNA that is complementary to the DNA strand. Read more...iWorksheets :4Vocabulary :3 BIO.5.h) Events involved in the construction of proteins.
Nucleic acids and protein synthesisThe term nucleic acid is the name for DNA and RNA. They are composed of nucleotides. DNA molecules are double-stranded and RNA molecules are single-stranded. To initiate the process of information transfer, one strand of the double-stranded DNA chain serves as a template for the synthesis of a single strand of RNA that is complementary to the DNA strand. Read more...iWorksheets :4Vocabulary :3 BIO.5.i) Use, limitations, and misuse of genetic information.
DNA technology/genetic engineeringThis topic is about biology and Forensic science. Students will learn to identify the structure and function of DNA, RNA and protein. They will also learn to describe the importance of generic information to forensics. Read more...iWorksheets :4Vocabulary :3 BIO.5.j) Exploration of the impact of DNA technologies.
DNA technology/genetic engineeringThis topic is about biology and Forensic science. Students will learn to identify the structure and function of DNA, RNA and protein. They will also learn to describe the importance of generic information to forensics. Read more...iWorksheets :4Vocabulary :3 BIO.6. The student will investigate and understand bases for modern classification systems. Key concepts include
BIO.6.a) Structural similarities among organisms.
Introduction to plantsWhich woody plant structure possesses vascular tissue lenticels? From which part of the seed will the leaves and upper portions of the stem of a plant develop? Match each plants term to its definition like Lactic acid fermentation, ovule, gymnosperm, guard cells, phloem, vascular tissue, root cap. Read more...iWorksheets :3Vocabulary :5 Microorganisms IITaxonomy is the classification of all known living organisms that shows
relationships between different organisms. Pseudopod is false feet; temporary fingerlike projections a one-celled organism, such as an amoeba, uses to move. Protozoa - single-celled, animal-like protist that has the ability to move. Mycelium - a mass of fungal hyphae that absorbs nutrients. Read more...iWorksheets :3Vocabulary :5 Introduction to animalsClassification - the process of grouping items together according to their
similarities. Kingdom - large category included in scientific classification system and the taxonomic category above phylum; scientists recognize six kingdoms: animals, plants, fungi, protista, eubacteria, and archaebacteria. Vertebrates - animals that have a backbone; five main groups of vertebrates: fish, birds, reptiles, amphibians and mammals. Read more...iWorksheets :4Vocabulary :3 InvertebratesInvertebrates are animals that don't have a backbone. More than 90 percent of all living animal species are invertebrates. Familiar examples of invertebrates include arthropods, mollusks, annelid, and cnidarians. Like vertebrates, most invertebrates reproduce at least partly through sexual reproduction. Read more...iWorksheets :6Vocabulary :3 Vertebrates IVertebrates - animals that have a backbone. The word comes from vertebrae, the bones that make up the spine. Five main groups of vertebrates: fish, birds, reptiles, amphibians and mammals. A few tens of thousands of species have been identified. Read more...iWorksheets :3Vocabulary :3 Vertebrates IIA vertebrate is an animal with a spinal cord surrounded by cartilage or bone. The vertebrates are also characterized by a muscular system consisting primarily of bilaterally paired masses and a central nervous system partly enclosed within the backbone. The 7 classes of vertebrates are: Class Aves, Class Reptilia, Class Agnatha, Class Amphibia, Class Mammalia, Class Osteichthyes, Class Chondrichthyes. Read more...iWorksheets :3Vocabulary :3 BIO.6.e) Systems of classification that are adaptable to new scientific discoveries.
Evolution and classificationCategorize organisms using a hierarchical classification system based on similarities and differences. Evolutionary theory is a scientific explanation for the unity and diversity of life. Analyze the effects of evolutionary mechanisms, including genetic drift, gene flow, mutation and recombination. Read more...iWorksheets :3 BIO.7. The student will investigate and understand how populations change through time. Key concepts include
BIO.7.b) How genetic variation, reproductive strategies, and environmental pressures impact the survival of populations.
Evolution and classificationCategorize organisms using a hierarchical classification system based on similarities and differences. Evolutionary theory is a scientific explanation for the unity and diversity of life. Analyze the effects of evolutionary mechanisms, including genetic drift, gene flow, mutation and recombination. Read more...iWorksheets :3 BIO.7.c) How natural selection leads to adaptations.
Evolution and classificationCategorize organisms using a hierarchical classification system based on similarities and differences. Evolutionary theory is a scientific explanation for the unity and diversity of life. Analyze the effects of evolutionary mechanisms, including genetic drift, gene flow, mutation and recombination. Read more...iWorksheets :3 BIO.7.e) Scientific evidence and explanations for biological evolution.
Evolution and classificationCategorize organisms using a hierarchical classification system based on similarities and differences. Evolutionary theory is a scientific explanation for the unity and diversity of life. Analyze the effects of evolutionary mechanisms, including genetic drift, gene flow, mutation and recombination. Read more...iWorksheets :3 BIO.8. The student will investigate and understand dynamic equilibria within populations, communities, and ecosystems. Key concepts include
BIO.8.a) Interactions within and among populations including carrying capacities, limiting factors, and growth curves.
Evolution and classificationCategorize organisms using a hierarchical classification system based on similarities and differences. Evolutionary theory is a scientific explanation for the unity and diversity of life. Analyze the effects of evolutionary mechanisms, including genetic drift, gene flow, mutation and recombination. Read more...iWorksheets :3 Ecology IMatch each ecology term to its definition like Energy pyramid, Decomposer, Carnivore, Ecosystem, Owl pellet, Omnivore and many more. Which human activity would be more likely to have a positive/negative impact on the environment? Which factor determines the type of terrestrial plants that grow in an area? Which energy transfer is least likely to be found in nature? Read more...iWorksheets :4Vocabulary :2 Ecology IIMatch each Ecology term to its definition like Trophic level, Food web, Consumer, Energy, Herbivore and more. Which component is not recycled in an ecosystem? Why Vultures, which are classified as scavengers, are an important part of an ecosystem? Which characteristic does creeping vine that is parasitic on other plants shares with all other heterotrophs? Read more...iWorksheets :3Vocabulary :2 BIO.8.b) Nutrient cycling with energy flow through ecosystems.
Ecology IMatch each ecology term to its definition like Energy pyramid, Decomposer, Carnivore, Ecosystem, Owl pellet, Omnivore and many more. Which human activity would be more likely to have a positive/negative impact on the environment? Which factor determines the type of terrestrial plants that grow in an area? Which energy transfer is least likely to be found in nature? Read more...iWorksheets :4Vocabulary :2 Ecology IIMatch each Ecology term to its definition like Trophic level, Food web, Consumer, Energy, Herbivore and more. Which component is not recycled in an ecosystem? Why Vultures, which are classified as scavengers, are an important part of an ecosystem? Which characteristic does creeping vine that is parasitic on other plants shares with all other heterotrophs? Read more...iWorksheets :3Vocabulary :2 BIO.8.e) Analysis of the flora, fauna, and microorganisms of Virginia ecosystems.
Ecology IMatch each ecology term to its definition like Energy pyramid, Decomposer, Carnivore, Ecosystem, Owl pellet, Omnivore and many more. Which human activity would be more likely to have a positive/negative impact on the environment? Which factor determines the type of terrestrial plants that grow in an area? Which energy transfer is least likely to be found in nature? Read more...iWorksheets :4Vocabulary :2 Ecology IIMatch each Ecology term to its definition like Trophic level, Food web, Consumer, Energy, Herbivore and more. Which component is not recycled in an ecosystem? Why Vultures, which are classified as scavengers, are an important part of an ecosystem? Which characteristic does creeping vine that is parasitic on other plants shares with all other heterotrophs? Read more...iWorksheets :3Vocabulary :2 Microorganisms IHyphae - threadlike filaments of branching cells that make up the bodies of multicellular fungi. Gymnosperm - group of vascular plants that develop seeds without a protective outer covering; they do not produce flowers or fruit. Flagellum - a tail-like structure found on bacteria and select protists which helps them to move. Volvox - a freshwater, chlorophyll-containing green alga, that occurs in ball-shaped colonies. Read more...iWorksheets :4Vocabulary :5 CHEMISTRY
CH.1. The student will investigate and understand that experiments in which variables are measured, analyzed, and evaluated produce observations and verifiable data. Key concepts include
CH.1.a) Designated laboratory techniques.
CH.1.f) Mathematical and procedural error analysis.
CH.1.g) Mathematical manipulations including SI units, scientific notation, linear equations, graphing, ratio and proportion, significant digits, and dimensional analysis.
CH.1.j) The use of current applications to reinforce chemistry concepts.
CH.2. The student will investigate and understand that the placement of elements on the periodic table is a function of their atomic structure. The periodic table is a tool used for the investigations of
CH.2.a) Average atomic mass, mass number, and atomic number.
CH.2.b) Isotopes, half lives, and radioactive decay.
CH.2.c) Mass and charge characteristics of subatomic particles.
CH.2.d) Families or groups.
CH.2.g) Electron configurations, valence electrons, and oxidation numbers.
CH.2.h) Chemical and physical properties.
CH.3. The student will investigate and understand how conservation of energy and matter is expressed in chemical formulas and balanced equations. Key concepts include
CH.3.a) Nomenclature.
CH.3.b) Balancing chemical equations.
CH.3.c) Writing chemical formulas.
CH.3.d) Bonding types.
CH.3.e) Reaction types.
Chemical ReactionsChemical reaction is a process in which one or more substances, are converted to one or more different products. Synthesis - a chemical reaction where two or more elements or compounds combine to form a single product. Single Replacement Reaction - a chemical reaction where a more active element replaces a less active element in a compound. Decomposition - a chemical reaction in which a compound is broken down into simpler compounds or elements. Read more...iWorksheets :6Vocabulary :3 CH.3.f) Reaction rates, kinetics, and equilibrium.
Chemical ReactionsChemical reaction is a process in which one or more substances, are converted to one or more different products. Synthesis - a chemical reaction where two or more elements or compounds combine to form a single product. Single Replacement Reaction - a chemical reaction where a more active element replaces a less active element in a compound. Decomposition - a chemical reaction in which a compound is broken down into simpler compounds or elements. Read more...iWorksheets :6Vocabulary :3 CH.4. The student will investigate and understand that chemical quantities are based on molar relationships. Key concepts include
CH.4.a) Avogadro's principle and molar volume.
CH.4.c) Solution concentrations.
CH.4.d) Acid/base theory; strong electrolytes, weak electrolytes, and nonelectrolytes; dissociation and ionization; pH and pOH; and the titration process.
CH.5. The student will investigate and understand that the phases of matter are explained by kinetic theory and forces of attraction between particles. Key concepts include
CH.5.a) Pressure, temperature, and volume.
States of MatterThere are Four states of matter observable in everyday life: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. Matter in the solid state has a fixed volume and shape, with component particles (atoms, molecules or ions) close together and fixed into place. Matter in the liquid state has a fixed volume, but has a variable shape that adapts to fit its container. Its particles are close together but move freely. Matter in the gaseous state has both variable volume and shape, adapting both to fit its container. Its particles are neither close together nor fixed in place. Matter in the plasma state has variable volume and shape. Read more...iWorksheets :3 CH.5.b) Partial pressure and gas laws.
Matter and EnergyMatter is any substance that has mass and takes up space. Energy can be transferred as heat or as work. Energy is a property that matter has. Read more...iWorksheets :3 States of MatterThere are Four states of matter observable in everyday life: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. Matter in the solid state has a fixed volume and shape, with component particles (atoms, molecules or ions) close together and fixed into place. Matter in the liquid state has a fixed volume, but has a variable shape that adapts to fit its container. Its particles are close together but move freely. Matter in the gaseous state has both variable volume and shape, adapting both to fit its container. Its particles are neither close together nor fixed in place. Matter in the plasma state has variable volume and shape. Read more...iWorksheets :3 CH.5.c) Vapor pressure.
Matter and EnergyMatter is any substance that has mass and takes up space. Energy can be transferred as heat or as work. Energy is a property that matter has. Read more...iWorksheets :3 States of MatterThere are Four states of matter observable in everyday life: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. Matter in the solid state has a fixed volume and shape, with component particles (atoms, molecules or ions) close together and fixed into place. Matter in the liquid state has a fixed volume, but has a variable shape that adapts to fit its container. Its particles are close together but move freely. Matter in the gaseous state has both variable volume and shape, adapting both to fit its container. Its particles are neither close together nor fixed in place. Matter in the plasma state has variable volume and shape. Read more...iWorksheets :3 CH.5.d) Phase changes.
Matter and EnergyMatter is any substance that has mass and takes up space. Energy can be transferred as heat or as work. Energy is a property that matter has. Read more...iWorksheets :3 States of MatterThere are Four states of matter observable in everyday life: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. Matter in the solid state has a fixed volume and shape, with component particles (atoms, molecules or ions) close together and fixed into place. Matter in the liquid state has a fixed volume, but has a variable shape that adapts to fit its container. Its particles are close together but move freely. Matter in the gaseous state has both variable volume and shape, adapting both to fit its container. Its particles are neither close together nor fixed in place. Matter in the plasma state has variable volume and shape. Read more...iWorksheets :3 CH.5.e) Molar heats of fusion and vaporization.
CH.5.f) Specific heat capacity.
CH.6. The student will investigate and understand how basic chemical properties relate to organic chemistry and biochemistry. Key concepts include
CH.6.a) Unique properties of carbon that allow multi-carbon compounds.
CH.6.b) Uses in pharmaceuticals and genetics, petrochemicals, plastics, and food.
PHYSICS
PH.1. The student will plan and conduct investigations using experimental design and product design processes. Key concepts include
PH.1.a) The components of a system are defined.
PH.1.b) Instruments are selected and used to extend observations and measurements.
The Science of ChemistryWhich substance is a binary compound - ammonia, argon, glucose or glycerol? Which molecule is polar and contains polar bonds? Which atom will form an ionic bond with a Br atom - N, Li, O or C? By which process is petroleum separated into its components according to their different boiling points? Read more...iWorksheets :3 PH.1.c) Information is recorded and presented in an organized format.
PH.1.g) Appropriate technology, including computers, graphing calculators, and probeware, is used for gathering and analyzing data and communicating results.
The Science of ChemistryWhich substance is a binary compound - ammonia, argon, glucose or glycerol? Which molecule is polar and contains polar bonds? Which atom will form an ionic bond with a Br atom - N, Li, O or C? By which process is petroleum separated into its components according to their different boiling points? Read more...iWorksheets :3 PH.2. The student will investigate and understand how to analyze and interpret data. Key concepts include
PH.2.a) A description of a physical problem is translated into a mathematical statement in order to find a solution.
PH.3. The student will investigate and demonstrate an understanding of the nature of science, scientific reasoning, and logic. Key concepts include
PH.3.b) Analysis of how science explains and predicts relationships.
PH.5. The student will investigate and understand the interrelationships among mass, distance, force, and time through mathematical and experimental processes. Key concepts include
PH.5.a) Linear motion.
PH.5.b) Uniform circular motion.
PH.5.d) Newton's laws of motion.
PH.5.e) Gravitation.
PH.5.f) Planetary motion.
PH.5.g) Work, power, and energy.
PH.6. The student will investigate and understand that quantities including mass, energy, momentum, and charge are conserved. Key concepts include
PH.6.a) Kinetic and potential energy.
Matter and EnergyMatter is any substance that has mass and takes up space. Energy can be transferred as heat or as work. Energy is a property that matter has. Read more...iWorksheets :3 Chemical ReactionsChemical reaction is a process in which one or more substances, are converted to one or more different products. Synthesis - a chemical reaction where two or more elements or compounds combine to form a single product. Single Replacement Reaction - a chemical reaction where a more active element replaces a less active element in a compound. Decomposition - a chemical reaction in which a compound is broken down into simpler compounds or elements. Read more...iWorksheets :6Vocabulary :3 PH.6.b) Elastic and inelastic collisions.
PH.7. The student will investigate and understand that energy can be transferred and transformed to provide USAble work. Key concepts include
PH.7.a) Transfer and storage of energy among systems including mechanical, thermal, gravitational, electromagnetic, chemical, and nuclear systems.
States of MatterThere are Four states of matter observable in everyday life: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. Matter in the solid state has a fixed volume and shape, with component particles (atoms, molecules or ions) close together and fixed into place. Matter in the liquid state has a fixed volume, but has a variable shape that adapts to fit its container. Its particles are close together but move freely. Matter in the gaseous state has both variable volume and shape, adapting both to fit its container. Its particles are neither close together nor fixed in place. Matter in the plasma state has variable volume and shape. Read more...iWorksheets :3 PH.8. The student will investigate and understand wave phenomena. Key concepts include
PH.8.a) Wave characteristics.
Vibrations and WavesVibration is the analogous motion of the particles of a mass of air or the like, whose state of equilibrium has been disturbed, as in transmitting sound. Read more...iWorksheets :4 PH.8.b) Fundamental wave processes.
Vibrations and WavesVibration is the analogous motion of the particles of a mass of air or the like, whose state of equilibrium has been disturbed, as in transmitting sound. Read more...iWorksheets :4 PH.8.c) Light and sound in terms of wave models.
PH.9. The student will investigate and understand that different frequencies and wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum are phenomena ranging from radio waves through visible light to gamma radiation. Key concepts include
PH.9.a) The properties, behaviors, and relative size of radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays.
Vibrations and WavesVibration is the analogous motion of the particles of a mass of air or the like, whose state of equilibrium has been disturbed, as in transmitting sound. Read more...iWorksheets :4 PH.10. The student will investigate and understand how to use the field concept to describe the effects of gravitational, electric, and magnetic forces. Key concepts include
PH.10.b) Technological applications.
PH.11. The student will investigate and understand how to diagram, construct, and analyze basic electrical circuits and explain the function of various circuit components. Key concepts include
PH.11.a) Ohm's law.
PH.12. The student will investigate and understand that extremely large and extremely small quantities are not necessarily described by the same laws as those studied in Newtonian physics. Key concepts may include
PH.12.b) Wave properties of matter.
Vibrations and WavesVibration is the analogous motion of the particles of a mass of air or the like, whose state of equilibrium has been disturbed, as in transmitting sound. Read more...iWorksheets :4 PH.12.f) Nuclear physics.
VA.9-12. Virginia 2010 Science Standards of Learning
EARTH SCIENCE
ES.1. The student will plan and conduct investigations in which
ES.1.b) Technologies, including computers, probeware, and geospatial technologies, are used to collect, analyze, and report data and to demonstrate concepts and simulate experimental conditions.
ES.1.c) Scales, diagrams, charts, graphs, tables, imagery, models, and profiles are constructed and interpreted.
ES.1.d) Maps and globes are read and interpreted, including location by latitude and longitude.
ES.1.f) Current applications are used to reinforce Earth science concepts.
ES.3. The student will investigate and understand the characteristics of Earth and the solar system. Key concepts include
ES.3.a) Position of Earth in the solar system.
ES.3.b) Sun-Earth-moon relationships; (seasons, tides, and eclipses).
ES.3.c) Characteristics of the sun, planets and their moons, comets, meteors, and asteroids.
ES.3.d) The history and contributions of space exploration.
ES.4. The student will investigate and understand how to identify major rock-forming and ore minerals based on physical and chemical properties. Key concepts include
ES.4.a) Hardness, color and streak, luster, cleavage, fracture, and unique properties.
ES.4.b) Uses of minerals.
ES.5. The student will investigate and understand the rock cycle as it relates to the origin and transformation of rock types and how to identify common rock types based on mineral composition and textures. Key concepts include
ES.5.a) Igneous rocks.
ES.5.b) Sedimentary rocks.
ES.5.c) Metamorphic rocks.
ES.6. The student will investigate and understand the differences between renewable and nonrenewable resources. Key concepts include
ES.6.d) Environmental costs and benefits.
OceansWorksheets :4Vocabulary :3 ES.7. The student will investigate and understand geologic processes including plate tectonics. Key concepts include
ES.7.a) Geologic processes and their resulting features.
ES.7.b) Tectonic processes.
ES.8. The student will investigate and understand how freshwater resources are influenced by geologic processes and the activities of humans. Key concepts include
ES.8.a) Processes of soil development.
ES.8.c) Relationships between groundwater zones, including saturated and unsaturated zones, and the water table.
ES.8.d) Identification of sources of fresh water including rivers, springs, and aquifers, with reference to the hydrologic cycle.
ES.8.e) Dependence on freshwater resources and the effects of human USAge on water quality.
ES.9. The student will investigate and understand that many aspects of the history and evolution of Earth and life can be inferred by studying rocks and fossils. Key concepts include
ES.9.a) Traces and remains of ancient, often extinct, life are preserved by various means in many sedimentary rocks.
ES.9.b) Superposition, cross-cutting relationships, index fossils, and radioactive decay are methods of dating bodies of rock.
ES.9.c) Absolute and relative dating have different applications but can be used together to determine the age of rocks and structures.
ES.9.d) Rocks and fossils from many different geologic periods and epochs are found in Virginia.
ES.10. The student will investigate and understand that oceans are complex, interactive physical, chemical, and biological systems and are subject to long- and short-term variations. Key concepts include
ES.10.a) Physical and chemical changes related to tides, waves, currents, sea level and ice cap variations, upwelling, and salinity variations.
OceansWorksheets :4Vocabulary :3 ES.10.b) Importance of environmental and geologic implications.
OceansWorksheets :4Vocabulary :3 ES.10.c) Systems interactions.
OceansWorksheets :4Vocabulary :3 ES.10.d) Features of the sea floor as reflections of tectonic processes.
ES.10.e) Economic and public policy issues concerning the oceans and the coastal zone including the Chesapeake Bay.
OceansWorksheets :4Vocabulary :3 ES.11. The student will investigate and understand the origin and evolution of the atmosphere and the interrelationship of geologic processes, biologic processes, and human activities on its composition and dynamics. Key concepts include
ES.11.c) Atmospheric regulation mechanisms including the effects of density differences and energy transfer.
ES.11.d) Potential changes to the atmosphere and climate due to human, biologic, and geologic activity.
ES.12. The student will investigate and understand that energy transfer between the sun and Earth and its atmosphere drives weather and climate on Earth. Key concepts include
ES.12.a) Observation and collection of weather data.
ES.12.b) Prediction of weather patterns.
ES.12.c) Severe weather occurrences, such as tornadoes, hurricanes, and major storms.
ES.12.d) Weather phenomena and the factors that affect climate including radiation, conduction, and convection.
OceansWorksheets :4Vocabulary :3 ES.13. The student will investigate and understand scientific concepts related to the origin and evolution of the universe. Key concepts include
ES.13.a) Cosmology including the Big Bang theory.
ES.13.b) The origin and evolution of stars, star systems, and galaxies.
CHEMISTRY
CH.2. The student will investigate and understand that the placement of elements on the periodic table is a function of their atomic structure. The periodic table is a tool used for the investigations of
CH.2.g) Electron configurations, valence electrons, and oxidation numbers.
PHYSICS
PH.1. The student will plan and conduct investigations using experimental design and product design processes. Key concepts include
PH.1.a) The components of a system are defined.
PH.1.b) Instruments are selected and used to extend observations and measurements.
PH.1.c) Information is recorded and presented in an organized format.
PH.1.g) Appropriate technology, including computers, graphing calculators, and probeware, is used for gathering and analyzing data and communicating results.
PH.2. The student will investigate and understand how to analyze and interpret data. Key concepts include
PH.2.a) A description of a physical problem is translated into a mathematical statement in order to find a solution.
PH.3. The student will investigate and demonstrate an understanding of the nature of science, scientific reasoning, and logic. Key concepts include
PH.3.b) Analysis of how science explains and predicts relationships.
PH.5. The student will investigate and understand the interrelationships among mass, distance, force, and time through mathematical and experimental processes. Key concepts include
PH.5.a) Linear motion.
PH.5.b) Uniform circular motion.
PH.5.d) Newton's laws of motion.
PH.5.e) Gravitation.
PH.5.f) Planetary motion.
PH.6. The student will investigate and understand that quantities including mass, energy, momentum, and charge are conserved. Key concepts include
PH.6.a) Kinetic and potential energy.
PH.8. The student will investigate and understand wave phenomena. Key concepts include
PH.8.a) Wave characteristics.
Vibrations and WavesVibration is the analogous motion of the particles of a mass of air or the like, whose state of equilibrium has been disturbed, as in transmitting sound. Read more...iWorksheets :4 PH.8.b) Fundamental wave processes.
Vibrations and WavesVibration is the analogous motion of the particles of a mass of air or the like, whose state of equilibrium has been disturbed, as in transmitting sound. Read more...iWorksheets :4 PH.9. The student will investigate and understand that different frequencies and wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum are phenomena ranging from radio waves through visible light to gamma radiation. Key concepts include
PH.9.a) The properties, behaviors, and relative size of radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays.
Vibrations and WavesVibration is the analogous motion of the particles of a mass of air or the like, whose state of equilibrium has been disturbed, as in transmitting sound. Read more...iWorksheets :4 PH.11. The student will investigate and understand how to diagram, construct, and analyze basic electrical circuits and explain the function of various circuit components. Key concepts include
PH.11.a) Ohm's law.
PH.12. The student will investigate and understand that extremely large and extremely small quantities are not necessarily described by the same laws as those studied in Newtonian physics. Key concepts may include
PH.12.b) Wave properties of matter.
Vibrations and WavesVibration is the analogous motion of the particles of a mass of air or the like, whose state of equilibrium has been disturbed, as in transmitting sound. Read more...iWorksheets :4 VA.9-12. Virginia 2010 Science Standards of Learning
EARTH SCIENCE
ES.1. The student will plan and conduct investigations in which
ES.1.b) Technologies, including computers, probeware, and geospatial technologies, are used to collect, analyze, and report data and to demonstrate concepts and simulate experimental conditions.
ES.1.c) Scales, diagrams, charts, graphs, tables, imagery, models, and profiles are constructed and interpreted.
ES.1.d) Maps and globes are read and interpreted, including location by latitude and longitude.
ES.1.f) Current applications are used to reinforce Earth science concepts.
ES.3. The student will investigate and understand the characteristics of Earth and the solar system. Key concepts include
ES.3.a) Position of Earth in the solar system.
ES.3.b) Sun-Earth-moon relationships; (seasons, tides, and eclipses).
ES.3.c) Characteristics of the sun, planets and their moons, comets, meteors, and asteroids.
ES.3.d) The history and contributions of space exploration.
ES.4. The student will investigate and understand how to identify major rock-forming and ore minerals based on physical and chemical properties. Key concepts include
ES.4.a) Hardness, color and streak, luster, cleavage, fracture, and unique properties.
ES.4.b) Uses of minerals.
ES.5. The student will investigate and understand the rock cycle as it relates to the origin and transformation of rock types and how to identify common rock types based on mineral composition and textures. Key concepts include
ES.5.a) Igneous rocks.
ES.5.b) Sedimentary rocks.
ES.5.c) Metamorphic rocks.
ES.6. The student will investigate and understand the differences between renewable and nonrenewable resources. Key concepts include
ES.6.d) Environmental costs and benefits.
OceansWorksheets :4Vocabulary :3 ES.7. The student will investigate and understand geologic processes including plate tectonics. Key concepts include
ES.7.a) Geologic processes and their resulting features.
ES.7.b) Tectonic processes.
ES.8. The student will investigate and understand how freshwater resources are influenced by geologic processes and the activities of humans. Key concepts include
ES.8.a) Processes of soil development.
ES.8.c) Relationships between groundwater zones, including saturated and unsaturated zones, and the water table.
ES.8.d) Identification of sources of fresh water including rivers, springs, and aquifers, with reference to the hydrologic cycle.
ES.8.e) Dependence on freshwater resources and the effects of human USAge on water quality.
ES.9. The student will investigate and understand that many aspects of the history and evolution of Earth and life can be inferred by studying rocks and fossils. Key concepts include
ES.9.a) Traces and remains of ancient, often extinct, life are preserved by various means in many sedimentary rocks.
ES.9.b) Superposition, cross-cutting relationships, index fossils, and radioactive decay are methods of dating bodies of rock.
ES.9.c) Absolute and relative dating have different applications but can be used together to determine the age of rocks and structures.
ES.9.d) Rocks and fossils from many different geologic periods and epochs are found in Virginia.
ES.10. The student will investigate and understand that oceans are complex, interactive physical, chemical, and biological systems and are subject to long- and short-term variations. Key concepts include
ES.10.a) Physical and chemical changes related to tides, waves, currents, sea level and ice cap variations, upwelling, and salinity variations.
OceansWorksheets :4Vocabulary :3 ES.10.b) Importance of environmental and geologic implications.
OceansWorksheets :4Vocabulary :3 ES.10.c) Systems interactions.
OceansWorksheets :4Vocabulary :3 ES.10.d) Features of the sea floor as reflections of tectonic processes.
ES.10.e) Economic and public policy issues concerning the oceans and the coastal zone including the Chesapeake Bay.
OceansWorksheets :4Vocabulary :3 ES.11. The student will investigate and understand the origin and evolution of the atmosphere and the interrelationship of geologic processes, biologic processes, and human activities on its composition and dynamics. Key concepts include
ES.11.c) Atmospheric regulation mechanisms including the effects of density differences and energy transfer.
ES.11.d) Potential changes to the atmosphere and climate due to human, biologic, and geologic activity.
ES.12. The student will investigate and understand that energy transfer between the sun and Earth and its atmosphere drives weather and climate on Earth. Key concepts include
ES.12.a) Observation and collection of weather data.
ES.12.b) Prediction of weather patterns.
ES.12.c) Severe weather occurrences, such as tornadoes, hurricanes, and major storms.
ES.12.d) Weather phenomena and the factors that affect climate including radiation, conduction, and convection.
OceansWorksheets :4Vocabulary :3 ES.13. The student will investigate and understand scientific concepts related to the origin and evolution of the universe. Key concepts include
ES.13.a) Cosmology including the Big Bang theory.
ES.13.b) The origin and evolution of stars, star systems, and galaxies.
CHEMISTRY
CH.2. The student will investigate and understand that the placement of elements on the periodic table is a function of their atomic structure. The periodic table is a tool used for the investigations of
CH.2.g) Electron configurations, valence electrons, and oxidation numbers.
PHYSICS
PH.1. The student will plan and conduct investigations using experimental design and product design processes. Key concepts include
PH.1.a) The components of a system are defined.
PH.1.b) Instruments are selected and used to extend observations and measurements.
PH.1.c) Information is recorded and presented in an organized format.
PH.1.g) Appropriate technology, including computers, graphing calculators, and probeware, is used for gathering and analyzing data and communicating results.
PH.2. The student will investigate and understand how to analyze and interpret data. Key concepts include
PH.2.a) A description of a physical problem is translated into a mathematical statement in order to find a solution.
PH.3. The student will investigate and demonstrate an understanding of the nature of science, scientific reasoning, and logic. Key concepts include
PH.3.b) Analysis of how science explains and predicts relationships.
PH.5. The student will investigate and understand the interrelationships among mass, distance, force, and time through mathematical and experimental processes. Key concepts include
PH.5.a) Linear motion.
PH.5.b) Uniform circular motion.
PH.5.d) Newton's laws of motion.
PH.5.e) Gravitation.
PH.5.f) Planetary motion.
PH.6. The student will investigate and understand that quantities including mass, energy, momentum, and charge are conserved. Key concepts include
PH.6.a) Kinetic and potential energy.
PH.8. The student will investigate and understand wave phenomena. Key concepts include
PH.8.a) Wave characteristics.
Vibrations and WavesVibration is the analogous motion of the particles of a mass of air or the like, whose state of equilibrium has been disturbed, as in transmitting sound. Read more...iWorksheets :4 PH.8.b) Fundamental wave processes.
Vibrations and WavesVibration is the analogous motion of the particles of a mass of air or the like, whose state of equilibrium has been disturbed, as in transmitting sound. Read more...iWorksheets :4 PH.9. The student will investigate and understand that different frequencies and wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum are phenomena ranging from radio waves through visible light to gamma radiation. Key concepts include
PH.9.a) The properties, behaviors, and relative size of radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays.
Vibrations and WavesVibration is the analogous motion of the particles of a mass of air or the like, whose state of equilibrium has been disturbed, as in transmitting sound. Read more...iWorksheets :4 PH.11. The student will investigate and understand how to diagram, construct, and analyze basic electrical circuits and explain the function of various circuit components. Key concepts include
PH.11.a) Ohm's law.
PH.12. The student will investigate and understand that extremely large and extremely small quantities are not necessarily described by the same laws as those studied in Newtonian physics. Key concepts may include
PH.12.b) Wave properties of matter.
Vibrations and WavesVibration is the analogous motion of the particles of a mass of air or the like, whose state of equilibrium has been disturbed, as in transmitting sound. Read more...iWorksheets :4 VA.9-12. Virginia 2010 Science Standards of Learning
EARTH SCIENCE
ES.1. The student will plan and conduct investigations in which
ES.1.b) Technologies, including computers, probeware, and geospatial technologies, are used to collect, analyze, and report data and to demonstrate concepts and simulate experimental conditions.
ES.1.c) Scales, diagrams, charts, graphs, tables, imagery, models, and profiles are constructed and interpreted.
ES.1.d) Maps and globes are read and interpreted, including location by latitude and longitude.
ES.1.f) Current applications are used to reinforce Earth science concepts.
ES.3. The student will investigate and understand the characteristics of Earth and the solar system. Key concepts include
ES.3.a) Position of Earth in the solar system.
ES.3.b) Sun-Earth-moon relationships; (seasons, tides, and eclipses).
ES.3.c) Characteristics of the sun, planets and their moons, comets, meteors, and asteroids.
ES.3.d) The history and contributions of space exploration.
ES.4. The student will investigate and understand how to identify major rock-forming and ore minerals based on physical and chemical properties. Key concepts include
ES.4.a) Hardness, color and streak, luster, cleavage, fracture, and unique properties.
ES.4.b) Uses of minerals.
ES.5. The student will investigate and understand the rock cycle as it relates to the origin and transformation of rock types and how to identify common rock types based on mineral composition and textures. Key concepts include
ES.5.a) Igneous rocks.
ES.5.b) Sedimentary rocks.
ES.5.c) Metamorphic rocks.
ES.6. The student will investigate and understand the differences between renewable and nonrenewable resources. Key concepts include
ES.6.d) Environmental costs and benefits.
OceansWorksheets :4Vocabulary :3 ES.7. The student will investigate and understand geologic processes including plate tectonics. Key concepts include
ES.7.a) Geologic processes and their resulting features.
ES.7.b) Tectonic processes.
ES.8. The student will investigate and understand how freshwater resources are influenced by geologic processes and the activities of humans. Key concepts include
ES.8.a) Processes of soil development.
ES.8.c) Relationships between groundwater zones, including saturated and unsaturated zones, and the water table.
ES.8.d) Identification of sources of fresh water including rivers, springs, and aquifers, with reference to the hydrologic cycle.
ES.8.e) Dependence on freshwater resources and the effects of human USAge on water quality.
ES.9. The student will investigate and understand that many aspects of the history and evolution of Earth and life can be inferred by studying rocks and fossils. Key concepts include
ES.9.a) Traces and remains of ancient, often extinct, life are preserved by various means in many sedimentary rocks.
ES.9.b) Superposition, cross-cutting relationships, index fossils, and radioactive decay are methods of dating bodies of rock.
ES.9.c) Absolute and relative dating have different applications but can be used together to determine the age of rocks and structures.
ES.9.d) Rocks and fossils from many different geologic periods and epochs are found in Virginia.
ES.10. The student will investigate and understand that oceans are complex, interactive physical, chemical, and biological systems and are subject to long- and short-term variations. Key concepts include
ES.10.a) Physical and chemical changes related to tides, waves, currents, sea level and ice cap variations, upwelling, and salinity variations.
OceansWorksheets :4Vocabulary :3 ES.10.b) Importance of environmental and geologic implications.
OceansWorksheets :4Vocabulary :3 ES.10.c) Systems interactions.
OceansWorksheets :4Vocabulary :3 ES.10.d) Features of the sea floor as reflections of tectonic processes.
ES.10.e) Economic and public policy issues concerning the oceans and the coastal zone including the Chesapeake Bay.
OceansWorksheets :4Vocabulary :3 ES.11. The student will investigate and understand the origin and evolution of the atmosphere and the interrelationship of geologic processes, biologic processes, and human activities on its composition and dynamics. Key concepts include
ES.11.c) Atmospheric regulation mechanisms including the effects of density differences and energy transfer.
ES.11.d) Potential changes to the atmosphere and climate due to human, biologic, and geologic activity.
ES.12. The student will investigate and understand that energy transfer between the sun and Earth and its atmosphere drives weather and climate on Earth. Key concepts include
ES.12.a) Observation and collection of weather data.
ES.12.b) Prediction of weather patterns.
ES.12.c) Severe weather occurrences, such as tornadoes, hurricanes, and major storms.
ES.12.d) Weather phenomena and the factors that affect climate including radiation, conduction, and convection.
OceansWorksheets :4Vocabulary :3 ES.13. The student will investigate and understand scientific concepts related to the origin and evolution of the universe. Key concepts include
ES.13.a) Cosmology including the Big Bang theory.
ES.13.b) The origin and evolution of stars, star systems, and galaxies.
CHEMISTRY
CH.2. The student will investigate and understand that the placement of elements on the periodic table is a function of their atomic structure. The periodic table is a tool used for the investigations of
CH.2.g) Electron configurations, valence electrons, and oxidation numbers.
PHYSICS
PH.1. The student will plan and conduct investigations using experimental design and product design processes. Key concepts include
PH.1.a) The components of a system are defined.
PH.1.b) Instruments are selected and used to extend observations and measurements.
PH.1.c) Information is recorded and presented in an organized format.
PH.1.g) Appropriate technology, including computers, graphing calculators, and probeware, is used for gathering and analyzing data and communicating results.
PH.2. The student will investigate and understand how to analyze and interpret data. Key concepts include
PH.2.a) A description of a physical problem is translated into a mathematical statement in order to find a solution.
PH.3. The student will investigate and demonstrate an understanding of the nature of science, scientific reasoning, and logic. Key concepts include
PH.3.b) Analysis of how science explains and predicts relationships.
PH.5. The student will investigate and understand the interrelationships among mass, distance, force, and time through mathematical and experimental processes. Key concepts include
PH.5.a) Linear motion.
PH.5.b) Uniform circular motion.
PH.5.d) Newton's laws of motion.
PH.5.e) Gravitation.
PH.5.f) Planetary motion.
PH.6. The student will investigate and understand that quantities including mass, energy, momentum, and charge are conserved. Key concepts include
PH.6.a) Kinetic and potential energy.
PH.8. The student will investigate and understand wave phenomena. Key concepts include
PH.8.a) Wave characteristics.
Vibrations and WavesVibration is the analogous motion of the particles of a mass of air or the like, whose state of equilibrium has been disturbed, as in transmitting sound. Read more...iWorksheets :4 PH.8.b) Fundamental wave processes.
Vibrations and WavesVibration is the analogous motion of the particles of a mass of air or the like, whose state of equilibrium has been disturbed, as in transmitting sound. Read more...iWorksheets :4 PH.9. The student will investigate and understand that different frequencies and wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum are phenomena ranging from radio waves through visible light to gamma radiation. Key concepts include
PH.9.a) The properties, behaviors, and relative size of radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays.
Vibrations and WavesVibration is the analogous motion of the particles of a mass of air or the like, whose state of equilibrium has been disturbed, as in transmitting sound. Read more...iWorksheets :4 PH.11. The student will investigate and understand how to diagram, construct, and analyze basic electrical circuits and explain the function of various circuit components. Key concepts include
PH.11.a) Ohm's law.
PH.12. The student will investigate and understand that extremely large and extremely small quantities are not necessarily described by the same laws as those studied in Newtonian physics. Key concepts may include
PH.12.b) Wave properties of matter.
Vibrations and WavesVibration is the analogous motion of the particles of a mass of air or the like, whose state of equilibrium has been disturbed, as in transmitting sound. Read more...iWorksheets :4 Standards
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