AZ.SS02-S1. American History

SS02-S1C1. Research Skills for History: Historical research is a process in which students examine topics or questions related to historical studies and/or current issues. By using primary and secondary sources effectively students obtain accurate and relevant information.

SS02-S1C1-04. Use primary source materials (e.g., photos, artifacts, interviews, documents, maps) and secondary source materials (e.g., encyclopedias, biographies) to study people and events from the past.

SS02-S1C1-05. Retell stories to describe past events, people and places.

SS02-S1C4. Revolution and New Nation 1700s - 1820: The development of American constitutional democracy grew from political, cultural and economic issues, ideas and event.

SS02-S1C4-01. Recognize that American colonists and Native American groups lived in the area of the Thirteen Colonies that was ruled by England.

SS02-S1C4-03. Describe how the colonists demonstrated their discontent with British Rule (e.g., Boston Tea Party, Declaration of Independence, Paul Revere's Ride, battles of Lexington and Concord).

SS02-S1C4-04. Discuss contributions of key people (e.g., George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin) in gaining independence during the Revolutionary War.

SS02-S1C4-05. Know that the United States became an independent country as a result of the Revolutionary War.

SS02-S1C4-06. Discuss how the need for a strong central government led to the writing of the Constitution and Bill of Rights.

SS02-S1C5. Westward Expansion 1800 - 1860: Westward expansion, influenced by political, cultural, and economic factors, led to the growth and development of the U.S.

SS02-S1C5-02. Identify reasons (e.g., economic opportunities, forced removal) why people in the United States moved westward to territories or unclaimed lands.

SS02-S1C5-03. Discuss the experiences (e.g., leaving homeland, facing unknown challenges) of the pioneers as they journeyed west to settle new lands.

SS02-S1C5-04. Describe how new forms of transportation and communication impacted the westward expansion of the United States: a) transportation (e.g., trails, turnpikes, canals, wagon trains, steamboats, railroads); b) communication (e.g., Pony Express, telegraph).

AZ.SS02-S2. World History

SS02-S2C1. Research Skills for History: Historical research is a process in which students examine topics or questions related to historical studies and/or current issues.

SS02-S2C1-02. Place historical events from content studied in chronological order on a timeline.

SS02-S2C6. Age of Revolution: Intensified internal conflicts led to the radical overthrow of traditional governments and created new political and economic systems.

SS02-S2C6-01. Recognize that people in different places (e.g., American colonies - England, Mexico - Spain) challenged their form of government, which resulted in conflict and change.

AZ.SS02-S3. Civics/Government

SS02-S3C1. Foundations of Government: The United States democracy is based on principles and ideals that are embodied by symbols, people and documents.

SS02-S3C1-01. Describe the history and meaning of national symbols, documents, songs, and monuments that represent American democracy and values: a) American flag; b) Pledge of Allegiance; c) National Anthem; d) America the Beautiful; e) the U.S. Capitol; f) Liberty Bell.

SS02-S3C1-02. Recognize that the U.S. Constitution provides the American people with common laws and protects their rights.

SS02-S3C1-03. Describe the significance of national holidays: a) Presidents' Day; b) Martin Luther King, Jr. Day; c) Veterans' Day; d) Memorial Day; e) Fourth of July; f) Constitution Day.

SS02-S3C1-04. Know that people in the United States have varied backgrounds but may share principles, goals, customs and traditions.

SS02-S3C2. Structure of Government: The United States structure of government is characterized by the separation and balance of powers.

SS02-S3C2-01. Identify the three branches of national government as represented by the President, Congress, and the Supreme Court.

SS02-S3C4. Rights, Responsibilities, and Roles of Citizenship: The rights, responsibilities and practices of United States citizenship are founded in the Constitution and the nation's history.

SS02-S3C4-01. Discuss examples of responsible citizenship in the school setting and in stories about the past and present.

SS02-S3C4-02. Describe the rights and responsibilities of citizenship: a) elements of fair play, good sportsmanship, and the idea of treating others the way you want to be treated; b) importance of participation and cooperation in a classroom and community; c) why we have rules and the consequences for violating them; d) responsibility of voting.

SS02-S3C4-03. Describe the importance of students contributing to a community (e.g., helping others, working together, service projects).

SS02-S3C4-04. Identify traits of character (e.g., honesty, courage, cooperation and patriotism) that are important to the preservation and improvement of democracy.

AZ.SS02-S4. Geography

SS02-S4C1. The World in Spatial Terms: The spatial perspective and associated geographic tools are used to organize and interpret information about people, places and environments.

SS02-S4C1-01. Recognize different types of maps (e.g., political, physical, thematic) serve various purposes.

SS02-S4C1-02. Interpret political and physical maps using the following elements: a) alpha numeric grids; b) title; c) compass rose - cardinal directions; d) key (legend); e) symbols.

SS02-S4C1-05. Recognize characteristics of human and physical features: a) physical (i.e., ocean, continent, river, lake, mountain range, coast, sea, desert); b) human (i.e., equator, Northern and Southern Hemispheres, North and South Poles).

SS02-S4C1-06. Locate physical and human features using maps, illustrations, images, or globes: a) physical (i.e., ocean, continent, river, lake, mountain range, coast, sea, desert); b) human (i.e., equator Northern and Southern Hemispheres, North and South Poles, city, state, country).

SS02-S4C2. Places and Regions: Places and regions have distinct physical and cultural characteristics.

SS02-S4C2-02. Discuss human features (e.g., cities, parks, railroad tracks, hospitals, shops, schools) in the world.

SS02-S4C2-03. Discuss physical features (e.g., mountains, rivers, deserts) in the world.

SS02-S4C3. Physical Systems: Physical processes shape the Earth and interact with plant and animal life to create, sustain, and modify ecosystems. These processes affect the distribution of resources and economic development.

SS02-S4C3-01. Measure and record weather conditions, identify clouds and analyze their relationship to temperature and weather patterns.

SS02-S4C4. Human Systems: Human cultures, their nature, and distribution affect societies and the Earth.

SS02-S4C4-02. Describe the reasons (e.g., jobs, climate, family) for human settlement patterns.

SS02-S4C4-03. Discuss the major economic activities and land use (e.g., natural resources, agricultural, industrial, residential, commercial, recreational) of areas studied.

SS02-S4C4-06. Recognize the connections between city, state, country, and continent.

SS02-S4C5. Environment and Society: Human and environmental interactions are interdependent upon one another. Humans interact with the environment- they depend upon it, they modify it; and they adapt to it. The health and well-being of all humans depends upon an understanding of the interconnections and interdependence of human and physical systems.

SS02-S4C5-01. Identify ways (e.g., agriculture, structures, roads) in which humans depend upon, adapt to, and impact the earth.

AZ.SS02-S5. Economics

SS02-S5C1. Foundations of Economics: The foundations of economics are the application of basic economic concepts and decision-making skills. This includes scarcity and the different methods of allocation of goods and services.

SS02-S5C1-02. Discuss that opportunity cost occurs when people make choices and something is given up (e.g., if you go to the movies, you can't also go to the park).

SS02-S5C1-03. Identify differences among natural resources (e.g., water, soil, and wood), human resources (e.g., people at work), and capital resources (e.g., machines, tools and buildings).

SS02-S5C1-04. Recognize that people trade for goods and services.

SS02-S5C1-05. Compare the use of barter and money in the exchange for goods and services (e.g., trade a toy for candy, buying candy with money).

SS02-S5C1-06. Recognize that some goods are made in the local community and some are made in other parts of the world.

SS02-S5C1-07. Discuss how people can be both producers and consumers of goods and services.

SS02-S5C5. Personal Finance: Decision-making skills foster a person's individual standard of living. Using information wisely leads to better informed decisions as consumers, workers, investors and effective participants in society.

SS02-S5C5-01. Discuss costs and benefits of personal savings.