U.S. National Standards for Second Grade English Language Arts

AbbreviationsFreeAn abbreviation is a shortened form of a longer word. Read more...iWorksheets: 9Study Guides: 1
Beginning DigraphsMany words begin with a digraph. That means two letters come together and make a brand new sound. You cannot sound out the word by using each letter’s sound because they have changed into a new sound. Read more...iWorksheets: 3Study Guides: 1
Beginning, Middle, and EndWhy Do We Need to Learn about Beginning, Middle and End? When you read a good story, you enjoy it if it was written well. To write well, you should follow the rules of beginning, middle, and end to make it a good story. The writing process helps you have a good beginning, middle, and end. Read more...iWorksheets: 3Study Guides: 1
Continuous Action (-ing)How do you add the ING suffix to verbs? We add -ing to many verbs. But to spell them correctly, you need to remember the rules. Read more...iWorksheets: 3Study Guides: 1
ContractionsWhat are Contractions? A contraction is a special word made by putting together a verb and another word. Every contraction has an apostrophe to show where letters are missing from the original two words. Read more...iWorksheets: 5Study Guides: 1
Ending DigraphsSpelling is easy when you recognize special digraphs. Here are some words you should know that end with digraphs. Read more...iWorksheets: 3Study Guides: 1
Long/Short VowelsWhat is meant by long or short vowels? Long vowels are the vowels that say their own names. Short vowel sounds do not say their names. Here’s a rule to help you know when to make a short vowel sound: A vowel is usually short if it comes at the beginning of a word or between two consonants and is the only vowel in the word or syllable. A vowel is usually long if two vowels are in the word or syllable. The first vowel is long and the second is silent. Remember when two vowels go walking, the first one does the talking. Read more...iWorksheets: 4Study Guides: 1
oo Vowel SoundWhat are the words with a double o sound as in moon? When you see oo together in a word, it usually has the sound you hear in “Moo” so put oo in when you spell them. Read more...iWorksheets: 3Study Guides: 1
Past Tense (-ed)Past tense means something happened in the past. It could be many years ago, yesterday, or just a few minutes ago. Verbs change in special ways to show past tense. Read more...iWorksheets: 3Study Guides: 1
Plural Ending -esPlural endings adding -es for words ending in sh, ch, x, and z. Read more...iWorksheets: 3Study Guides: 1
Plural NounsWhat are plurals? Plurals are the words that change a noun to mean more than one. Read more...iWorksheets: 3Study Guides: 1
R Controlled VowelsFreeWe know that the vowels a, e, i, o, and u can have a short or long sound. But when a vowel is followed by the letter r its sounds changes. Read more...iWorksheets: 5Study Guides: 1
Words with /k/What are the sounds of k? The letter k is the sound you hear when you say kiss, kid, and kind. Many words begin or end with the letter k. But the sound of /k/ is written in some different ways. Read more...iWorksheets: 3Study Guides: 1
Words with Ending BlendsFreeWhat are some important ending blends? <br>If you know the following blends, it will help you spell and pronounce many words correctly. Practice saying these words aloud. Listen for the ending blends. Read more...iWorksheets: 4Study Guides: 1
Words with Initial BlendsA blend means two letters are read together to make a smooth sound. Each one still makes its own sound. Read more...iWorksheets: 3Study Guides: 1
Compound WordsWhat are Compound Words? Any word made up of two small words is a compound word. Examples: foot + ball = football. Read more...iWorksheets: 3Study Guides: 1
HomophonesWhat are Homophones? Homophones are words that sound exactly alike but are spelled differently and have different meanings. They are sometimes called homonyms. Read more...iWorksheets: 5Study Guides: 1
Mathematics VocabularyWords associated with addition, subtraction, comparing, money, fractions, and geometry. Read more...iWorksheets: 3Study Guides: 1
Root WordsWhat are Root Words? Root words are sometimes called base words. A root word is the smallest form of a word before it has anything added to it. Read more...iWorksheets: 6Study Guides: 1
Science VocabularySpelling and vocabulary words for second grade science. Read more...iWorksheets: 3Study Guides: 1
Social Studies VocabularySpelling and vocabulary words for Grade Two Social Studies. Read more...iWorksheets: 3Study Guides: 1
Word FamiliesWhat is a Word Family? A word family is a group of words (or syllables) that all have the same vowel and ending sound. Read more...iWorksheets: 3Study Guides: 1
Finding InformationHow do Charts and Illustrations Help You? Charts and illustrations are special tools to help you find information easily. They are arranged in a way that puts all the information together so that it is clear and easy to read. Read more...iWorksheets: 3Study Guides: 1
Parts of a BookBooks have special parts to help you find information easily. Read more...iWorksheets: 3Study Guides: 1
Rhyming WordsTo rhyme, words must have the same vowel sound and the same ending sounds. Read more...iWorksheets: 7Study Guides: 1
High Frequency Words IWhat are High Frequency Words? High frequency words are the sight words you need to know instantly. You do not need to sound them out or look them up in a dictionary. Read more...iWorksheets: 3Study Guides: 1
High Frequency Words IIHigh frequency words are the words you need to recognize instantly. You do not have to figure them out, sound them out, or look them up in a dictionary. You just need to know them instantly. Read more...iWorksheets: 3Study Guides: 1
Long and Short Vowel DiscriminationA vowel is long when it says its own name. In a dictionary or glossary it will have a straight line over it. Read more...iWorksheets: 3Study Guides: 1
Main IdeaWhat is a Main Idea in a Visual Message? Pictures and actions send messages without words. Here are some you should know. Read more...iWorksheets: 3Study Guides: 1
PrefixesA prefix is any letter or group of letters that is added to the front of a base word to change the meaning. Read more...iWorksheets: 5Study Guides: 1
SuffixesA suffix is a letter or group of letters added to the end of a word to change its meaning. Read more...iWorksheets: 4Study Guides: 1
SyllablesFreeWhat are Syllables? Syllables are parts of words. Each part of a word has one vowel sound in it. Be careful! You may see more than one vowel letter, but still hear only one vowel sound. Read more...iWorksheets: 8Study Guides: 1
Vowel DigraphsFreeVowels are a, e, u, o, u, and sometimes y or w. When 2 vowels come together in a word that is a vowel digraph. Read more...iWorksheets: 46Study Guides: 1
Sight Words IAppropriate words for spelling and definitions for 2nd graders. Read more...iWorksheets: 3
Sight Words IISight words are the words a second grader should be able to recognize instantly and spell easily. Read more...iWorksheets: 3Study Guides: 1
Sight Words IIISight words are words a second grader should be able to read quickly and spell easily. Read more...iWorksheets: 3Study Guides: 1
Sight Words IVWhat are sight words? Sight words are the words every second grader should be able to read quickly and spell easily. Read more...iWorksheets: 3Study Guides: 1
Frequently Misspelled WordsWords that are often misspelled and some hints to help you spell them. Read more...iWorksheets: 3Study Guides: 1
VerbsA verb is a word that shows action or state of being. Read more...iWorksheets: 7Study Guides: 1

N.1. Students read a wide range of print and nonprint texts to build an understanding of texts, of themselves, and of the cultures of the United States and the world; to acquire new information; to respond to the needs and demands of society and the workplace; and for personal fulfillment. Among these texts are fiction and nonfiction, classic and contemporary works. (NCTE)

Literary GenresLiterary genre is the grownup way of saying different kinds of writing. The word genre is pronounced zhan rah. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1

N.2. Students read a wide range of literature from many periods in many genres to build an understanding of the many dimensions (e.g., philosophical, ethical, aesthetic) of human experience. (NCTE)

Literary GenresLiterary genre is the grownup way of saying different kinds of writing. The word genre is pronounced zhan rah. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1

N.3. Students apply a wide range of strategies to comprehend, interpret, evaluate, and appreciate texts. They draw on their prior experience, their interactions with other readers and writers, their knowledge of word meaning and of other texts, their word identification strategies, and their understanding of textual features (e.g., sound-letter correspondence, sentence structure, context, graphics). (NCTE)

Context CluesWhat are Context Clues? When you are reading, you will come to words you do not know. You can learn the meaning of those words by looking for the clues in the sentence around that word. The clues will help you understand the meaning of the new word even if you cannot pronounce it. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Challenge WordsWhat are some of the most difficult words a second grader must learn to spell? Here are some words you should know how to spell and some hints to help you remember. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Story ElementsWhat are the Elements of a Story? Story elements are plot, setting, and characters. Use information gained from the illustrations and words in a print or digital text to demonstrate understanding of its characters, setting, or plot. Read more...iWorksheets :6Study Guides :1
Predicting EndingsWhat Does it Mean to Predict Endings? When you read, you try to make sense of what you are reading. When you write, you need to make sense in what you are writing. When you predict an ending, you try to think of the most sensible way for the story to end. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
InferenceWhat is an Inference? An inference is a Reading skill. When the reader puts together his or her life experiences with the words of the author, he or she is using inferencing skills. A student who uses inferencing skills can read between the lines to figure out what the author means. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1

N.5. Students employ a wide range of strategies as they write and use different writing process elements appropriately to communicate with different audiences for a variety of purposes. (NCTE)

GrammarGrammar is the subject which tells how to speak and write correctly. It is a set of rules that define the structure of a language. Here are some grammar rules you should know. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Proper NounsFreeA proper noun is a special name for a particular person, place, or thing. A proper noun always begins with a capital letter. If there is more than one word for a particular person, place, or thing, then the first, last, and all important words are capitalized. Read more...iWorksheets :7Study Guides :1
Unnecessary InformationWhat is unnecessary information? When you write a paragraph, story, or report you must include all important information. Sometimes writers put in too much information. It is important to know what to include ad what to leave out. The unnecessary information is any part that does not belong. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Writing ProcessPrewrite, draft, revise, proofread, and edit. Read more...iWorksheets :3
Complete & Incomplete SentencesFreeA complete sentence begins with a capital, ends with punctuation, and makes sense. Any sentence that does not begin with a capital, end with correct punctuation, or make sense is incomplete. Read more...iWorksheets :5Study Guides :1

N.6. Students apply knowledge of language structure, language conventions (e.g., spelling and punctuation), media techniques, figurative language, and genre to create, critique, and discuss print and nonprint texts. (NCTE)

Context CluesWhat are Context Clues? When you are reading, you will come to words you do not know. You can learn the meaning of those words by looking for the clues in the sentence around that word. The clues will help you understand the meaning of the new word even if you cannot pronounce it. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
SpellingFreeSpelling: forming words with the correct letters in the correct order. Spelling three or four letter words. Read more...iWorksheets :10Study Guides :1
Story ElementsWhat are the Elements of a Story? Story elements are plot, setting, and characters. Use information gained from the illustrations and words in a print or digital text to demonstrate understanding of its characters, setting, or plot. Read more...iWorksheets :6Study Guides :1
Predicting EndingsWhat Does it Mean to Predict Endings? When you read, you try to make sense of what you are reading. When you write, you need to make sense in what you are writing. When you predict an ending, you try to think of the most sensible way for the story to end. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
InferenceWhat is an Inference? An inference is a Reading skill. When the reader puts together his or her life experiences with the words of the author, he or she is using inferencing skills. A student who uses inferencing skills can read between the lines to figure out what the author means. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1

Standards

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