New Jersey Student Learning Standards for Seventh Grade Social Studies

NJ.SS.6.1.8. U.S. History: America in the World: All students will acquire the knowledge and skills to think analytically about how past and present interactions of people, cultures, and the environment shape the American heritage. Such knowledge and skills enable students to make informed decisions that reflect fundamental rights and core democratic values as productive citizens in local, national, and global communities.

6.1.8.A. Civics, Government, and Human Rights

6.1.8.A.1. Three Worlds Meet (Beginnings to 1620) - Indigenous societies in the Western Hemisphere migrated and changed in response to the physical environment and due to their interactions with Europeans. European exploration expanded global economic and cultural exchange into the Western Hemisphere.
6.1.8.A.1.a. Compare and contrast forms of governance, belief systems, and family structures among African, European, and Native American groups.
European Exploration and SettlementEuropean exploration in North America began with Christopher Columbus’ discovery of what he thought was Asia. Since that time, there have many attempts by Europeans to settle in America, some successful, others not. There are many reasons why Europeans settled outside of Europe. Political, social, and economic forces encouraged the exploration of the New World, and money was almost always a motivating factor in the settlement of new colonies. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
6.1.8.A.2. Colonization and Settlement (1585-1763) - The colonists adapted ideas from their European heritage and from Native American groups to develop new political and religious institutions and economic systems. The slave labor system and the loss of Native American lives had a lasting impact on the development of the United States and American culture.
6.1.8.A.2.a. Determine the roles of religious freedom and participatory government in various North American colonies.
Colonial LifeLife in the new colonies was often challenging. While the settlers were free from the restrictions of life in European society, they also did not have the amenities of European life in the 1600s. Many families in the colonies worked on a small farm. The roles of society in colonial America were clearly defined. Men were the decision-makers, and women were in a supporting role. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.1.8.A.2.c. Explain how demographics (i.e., race, gender, and economic status) affected social, economic, and political opportunities during the Colonial era.
European Exploration and SettlementEuropean exploration in North America began with Christopher Columbus’ discovery of what he thought was Asia. Since that time, there have many attempts by Europeans to settle in America, some successful, others not. There are many reasons why Europeans settled outside of Europe. Political, social, and economic forces encouraged the exploration of the New World, and money was almost always a motivating factor in the settlement of new colonies. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Colonial LifeLife in the new colonies was often challenging. While the settlers were free from the restrictions of life in European society, they also did not have the amenities of European life in the 1600s. Many families in the colonies worked on a small farm. The roles of society in colonial America were clearly defined. Men were the decision-makers, and women were in a supporting role. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.1.8.A.3. Revolution and the New Nation (1754-1820s) - Disputes over political authority and economic issues contributed to a movement for independence in the colonies. The fundamental principles of the United States Constitution serve as the foundation of the United States government today.
6.1.8.A.3.a. Examine the ideals found in the Declaration of Independence, and assess the extent to which they were fulfilled for women, African Americans, and Native Americans during this time period.
The American RevolutionIn the second half of the 18th century, the colonies began to seek independence from Great Britain. One of the main causes of the Revolutionary War was the colonist’s reaction to the taxes being placed on the necessary goods and activities of the colonies. The Revolutionary War began in 1775, when colonial militias began to fight against the British army. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
6.1.8.A.3.b. Evaluate the effectiveness of the fundamental principles of the Constitution (i.e., consent of the governed, rule of law, federalism, limited government, separation of powers, checks and balances, and individual rights) in establishing a federal government that allows for growth and change over time.
The United States ConstitutionThe United States Constitution is a document created by a group of delegates to the Constitutional Convention after the United States declared its independence from Great Britain. The need for a governing document other than the Articles of Confederation was growing clear to the Constitutional Congress, and so they came together to devise a new document. The Constitution is the absolute law in the United States and has been that way since 1789. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
6.1.8.A.3.c. Determine the role that compromise played in the creation and adoption of the Constitution and Bill of Rights.
The United States ConstitutionThe United States Constitution is a document created by a group of delegates to the Constitutional Convention after the United States declared its independence from Great Britain. The need for a governing document other than the Articles of Confederation was growing clear to the Constitutional Congress, and so they came together to devise a new document. The Constitution is the absolute law in the United States and has been that way since 1789. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
6.1.8.A.3.d. Compare and contrast the Articles of Confederation and the United States Constitution in terms of the decision-making powers of national government.
Colonial SettlementEurope was a leader in the settlement of colonies in America. Although their attempts were not always successful, by the turn of the 17th century they had a pretty firm start in the New World. Jamestown, the first successful settlement, was founded in 1607 by a stock company searching for gold. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The Articles of ConfederationThe Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union was an agreement among the 13 original states of the United States of America that served as its first constitution. The Articles of Confederation made the laws regarding how the newly united colonies handles and shared money, reacted to war, and settled disputes. Once the Articles were in use, it became clear that some additions needed to be made for effective governance. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The United States ConstitutionThe United States Constitution is a document created by a group of delegates to the Constitutional Convention after the United States declared its independence from Great Britain. The need for a governing document other than the Articles of Confederation was growing clear to the Constitutional Congress, and so they came together to devise a new document. The Constitution is the absolute law in the United States and has been that way since 1789. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
6.1.8.A.3.e. Explain how and why constitutional civil liberties were impacted by acts of government (i.e., Alien and Sedition Acts) during the Early Republic.
The Abolitionist MovementThe Abolitionist Movement started with the denunciation of slavery by the Quakers of Pennsylvania, a religion community of believers in equality and peace. After their public resistance to slavery, many other groups of people joined their fight for the abolition of slavery. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
6.1.8.A.3.f. Explain how political parties were formed and continue to be shaped by differing perspectives regarding the role and power of federal government.
Progressive MovementWhat is the Progressive Movement? During the Progressive movement, citizens found out how poorly people were being treated and tried to change this. Progressives asked for help from the government and they agreed. Amendments were passed to help citizens. Women’s Suffrage and Prohibition were two of these amendments. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Progressive EraOne of the biggest reform goals was the process in which government officials were elected. This, along with the need for government involvement in reform, were two of the motivating factors for people such as Eugene Debs, Susan B. Anthony and W.E.B. DuBois to become leaders during the Progressive Era. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.1.8.A.3.g. Evaluate the impact of the Constitution and Bill of Rights on current day issues.
The United States ConstitutionThe United States Constitution is a document created by a group of delegates to the Constitutional Convention after the United States declared its independence from Great Britain. The need for a governing document other than the Articles of Confederation was growing clear to the Constitutional Congress, and so they came together to devise a new document. The Constitution is the absolute law in the United States and has been that way since 1789. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
6.1.8.A.4. Expansion and Reform (1801-1861) - Westward movement, industrial growth, increased immigration, the expansion of slavery, and the development of transportation systems increased regional tensions.
6.1.8.A.4.a. Explain the changes in America’s relationships with other nations by analyzing policies, treaties, tariffs, and agreements.
The New Government in OperationAfter the signing of the Constitution, the leaders and citizens of the United States had many goals and aspirations for the growth of the nation. One type of growth was the interest in expanding the existing boundaries of the new country. The first of these initiatives was the Louisiana Purchase, under President Thomas Jefferson. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The Abolitionist MovementThe Abolitionist Movement started with the denunciation of slavery by the Quakers of Pennsylvania, a religion community of believers in equality and peace. After their public resistance to slavery, many other groups of people joined their fight for the abolition of slavery. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
6.1.8.A.4.b. Analyze how the concept of Manifest Destiny influenced the acquisition of land through annexation, diplomacy, and war.
Moving Southward and WestwardManifest Destiny was the idea that the United States was destined to expand from the Atlantic to the Pacific. This motivated the government to acquire lands in the Oregon Territory as well as in areas that became Texas, Florida, and California. Many people started to move west in hope of a better life. The California Gold Rush triggered a large movement of people to California. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Causes of the Civil WarFreeIn the 1800's, America was expanding and gaining new territories. The issue of slavery was everywhere and there was much conflict over whether or not the new territories should be slave states or not. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.1.8.A.4.c. Assess the extent to which voting rights were expanded during the Jacksonian period.
The Jackson AgeAndrew Jackson was an influential leader in the 19th century, known for many reforms to the American government and society during his presidency. President Jackson is credited for the founding of the Democratic Party. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.1.8.A.5. Civil War and Reconstruction (1850-1877) - The Civil War resulted from complex regional differences involving political, economic, and social issues, as well as different views on slavery. The Civil War and Reconstruction had a lasting impact on the development of the United States.
6.1.8.A.5.a. Explain how and why the Emancipation Proclamation and the Gettysburg Address continue to impact American life.
The Abolitionist MovementThe Abolitionist Movement started with the denunciation of slavery by the Quakers of Pennsylvania, a religion community of believers in equality and peace. After their public resistance to slavery, many other groups of people joined their fight for the abolition of slavery. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The Civil WarAfter Lincoln was elected in 1860, southern states seceded from the Union in an effort to uphold their stance on slavery. During the war, the Confederacy continued to own slaves and support slavery. After many devastating battles and thousands of casualties, the Civil War ended but many problems that existed before the commencement of battle still existed. However, slaves were officially free and the economies of the North and South were in a new era of growth. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
6.1.8.A.5.b. Compare and contrast the approaches of Congress and Presidents Lincoln and Johnson toward the reconstruction of the South.
Reconstruction after the Civil WarThe years after the Civil War were dedicated to trying to resolve the problems that were not only the cause of the war but were aggravated by four years of fighting between the Union and the Confederacy. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1

6.1.8.B. Geography, People, and the Environment

6.1.8.B.1. Three Worlds Meet (Beginnings to 1620) - Indigenous societies in the Western Hemisphere migrated and changed in response to the physical environment and due to their interactions with Europeans. European exploration expanded global economic and cultural exchange into the Western Hemisphere.
6.1.8.B.1.b. Analyze the world in spatial terms (e.g., longitude, latitude) using historical maps to determine what led to the exploration of new water and land routes.
European Exploration and SettlementEuropean exploration in North America began with Christopher Columbus’ discovery of what he thought was Asia. Since that time, there have many attempts by Europeans to settle in America, some successful, others not. There are many reasons why Europeans settled outside of Europe. Political, social, and economic forces encouraged the exploration of the New World, and money was almost always a motivating factor in the settlement of new colonies. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The AztecsThe Aztecs lived in the area that is now Mexico, and were one of the largest Mesoamerican societies. The Aztecs were a complex society with a governmental structure advanced for their time. The Aztecs were also known for their religious ceremonies and great temples that were built to honor their gods. The Aztecs believed in human sacrifice and were quite brutal in the sacrificial rites. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The MayaIn the 1st century, a group of people called the Maya rose to civilization in Central and South America. Their society was very interactive and organized around individual city states, each with their own governmental system. They created a system of writing which consisted of individual symbols to represent sounds and words. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The IncasThe Incas were a civilization that lived in South America, the largest civilization to have existed in that region up to the time of their rule. The Incan people conquered much of South America using force and warfare, but treated those they conquered quite well. The Incas lacked the use of wheeled vehicles. They lacked animals to ride and draft animals that could pull wagons. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
MexicoMexico is a country located in North America; it neighbors the United States to the South and shares a border that spans from California to Texas. While parts of Mexico are home to snow covered mountains, the country is also known for its beautiful beaches and lush rainforests. After the Spanish exploration of the Americas, Mexico was under Spanish rule until they declared independence in the 19th century. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
6.1.8.B.2. Colonization and Settlement (1585-1763) - The colonists adapted ideas from their European heritage and from Native American groups to develop new political and religious institutions and economic systems. The slave labor system and the loss of Native American lives had a lasting impact on the development of the United States and American culture.
6.1.8.B.2.a. Determine factors that impacted emigration, settlement patterns, and regional identities of the colonies.
European Exploration and SettlementEuropean exploration in North America began with Christopher Columbus’ discovery of what he thought was Asia. Since that time, there have many attempts by Europeans to settle in America, some successful, others not. There are many reasons why Europeans settled outside of Europe. Political, social, and economic forces encouraged the exploration of the New World, and money was almost always a motivating factor in the settlement of new colonies. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Colonial SettlementEurope was a leader in the settlement of colonies in America. Although their attempts were not always successful, by the turn of the 17th century they had a pretty firm start in the New World. Jamestown, the first successful settlement, was founded in 1607 by a stock company searching for gold. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Colonial LifeLife in the new colonies was often challenging. While the settlers were free from the restrictions of life in European society, they also did not have the amenities of European life in the 1600s. Many families in the colonies worked on a small farm. The roles of society in colonial America were clearly defined. Men were the decision-makers, and women were in a supporting role. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.1.8.B.2.b. Compare and contrast how the search for natural resources resulted in conflict and cooperation among European colonists and Native American groups in the New World.
European Exploration and SettlementEuropean exploration in North America began with Christopher Columbus’ discovery of what he thought was Asia. Since that time, there have many attempts by Europeans to settle in America, some successful, others not. There are many reasons why Europeans settled outside of Europe. Political, social, and economic forces encouraged the exploration of the New World, and money was almost always a motivating factor in the settlement of new colonies. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
6.1.8.B.3. Revolution and the New Nation (1754-1820s) - Disputes over political authority and economic issues contributed to a movement for independence in the colonies. The fundamental principles of the United States Constitution serve as the foundation of the United States government today.
6.1.8.B.3.a. Assess how conflicts and alliances among European countries and Native American groups impacted the expansion of the American colonies.
The Articles of ConfederationThe Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union was an agreement among the 13 original states of the United States of America that served as its first constitution. The Articles of Confederation made the laws regarding how the newly united colonies handles and shared money, reacted to war, and settled disputes. Once the Articles were in use, it became clear that some additions needed to be made for effective governance. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The New Government in OperationAfter the signing of the Constitution, the leaders and citizens of the United States had many goals and aspirations for the growth of the nation. One type of growth was the interest in expanding the existing boundaries of the new country. The first of these initiatives was the Louisiana Purchase, under President Thomas Jefferson. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
CanadaCanada has a rich history of being home to many aboriginal peoples, including Indian tribes and the Inuit. When European explorers began to reach Canada, they found a land rich in resources and began to settle in this area of North America. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
6.1.8.B.3.c. Use maps and other geographic tools to evaluate the impact of geography on the execution and outcome of the American Revolutionary War.
The American RevolutionIn the second half of the 18th century, the colonies began to seek independence from Great Britain. One of the main causes of the Revolutionary War was the colonist’s reaction to the taxes being placed on the necessary goods and activities of the colonies. The Revolutionary War began in 1775, when colonial militias began to fight against the British army. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
6.1.8.B.4. Expansion and Reform (1801-1861) - Westward movement, industrial growth, increased immigration, the expansion of slavery, and the development of transportation systems increased regional tensions.
6.1.8.B.4.a. Assess the impact of the Louisiana Purchase and western exploration on the expansion and economic development of the United States.
The New Government in OperationAfter the signing of the Constitution, the leaders and citizens of the United States had many goals and aspirations for the growth of the nation. One type of growth was the interest in expanding the existing boundaries of the new country. The first of these initiatives was the Louisiana Purchase, under President Thomas Jefferson. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.1.8.B.4.b. Map territorial expansion and settlement, as well as the locations of conflicts with and resettlement of Native Americans.
The New Government in OperationAfter the signing of the Constitution, the leaders and citizens of the United States had many goals and aspirations for the growth of the nation. One type of growth was the interest in expanding the existing boundaries of the new country. The first of these initiatives was the Louisiana Purchase, under President Thomas Jefferson. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The Jackson AgeAndrew Jackson was an influential leader in the 19th century, known for many reforms to the American government and society during his presidency. President Jackson is credited for the founding of the Democratic Party. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.1.8.B.5. Civil War and Reconstruction (1850-1877) - The Civil War resulted from complex regional differences involving political, economic, and social issues, as well as different views on slavery. The Civil War and Reconstruction had a lasting impact on the development of the United States.
6.1.8.B.5.a. Assess the role of various factors (i.e., geography, natural resources, demographics, transportation, leadership, and technology) that affected the course and outcome of the Civil War.
Causes of the Civil WarFreeIn the 1800's, America was expanding and gaining new territories. The issue of slavery was everywhere and there was much conflict over whether or not the new territories should be slave states or not. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The Civil WarAfter Lincoln was elected in 1860, southern states seceded from the Union in an effort to uphold their stance on slavery. During the war, the Confederacy continued to own slaves and support slavery. After many devastating battles and thousands of casualties, the Civil War ended but many problems that existed before the commencement of battle still existed. However, slaves were officially free and the economies of the North and South were in a new era of growth. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Reconstruction after the Civil WarThe years after the Civil War were dedicated to trying to resolve the problems that were not only the cause of the war but were aggravated by four years of fighting between the Union and the Confederacy. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1

6.1.8.C. Economics, Innovation, and Technology

6.1.8.C.3. Revolution and the New Nation (1754-1820s) - Disputes over political authority and economic issues contributed to a movement for independence in the colonies. The fundamental principles of the United States Constitution serve as the foundation of the United States government today.
6.1.8.C.3.a. Explain how taxes and government regulation can affect economic opportunities, and assess the impact of these on relations between Britain and its North American colonies.
The American RevolutionIn the second half of the 18th century, the colonies began to seek independence from Great Britain. One of the main causes of the Revolutionary War was the colonist’s reaction to the taxes being placed on the necessary goods and activities of the colonies. The Revolutionary War began in 1775, when colonial militias began to fight against the British army. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
CanadaCanada has a rich history of being home to many aboriginal peoples, including Indian tribes and the Inuit. When European explorers began to reach Canada, they found a land rich in resources and began to settle in this area of North America. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
6.1.8.C.3.b. Summarize the effect of inflation and debt on the American people and the response of state and national governments during this time.
The Articles of ConfederationThe Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union was an agreement among the 13 original states of the United States of America that served as its first constitution. The Articles of Confederation made the laws regarding how the newly united colonies handles and shared money, reacted to war, and settled disputes. Once the Articles were in use, it became clear that some additions needed to be made for effective governance. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
6.1.8.C.3.c. Evaluate the impact of the cotton gin and other innovations on the institution of slavery and on the economic and political development of the country.
InventorsAn inventor is someone who discovers a new way of doing things. This can be in the form of a product or an idea. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The Nation Grows and ExpandsAround the turn of the 19th century, many changes were occurring in the United States. The industrialization of what had previously been rural and agricultural land led to a different lifestyle for many people. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
6.1.8.C.4. Expansion and Reform (1801-1861) - Westward movement, industrial growth, increased immigration, the expansion of slavery, and the development of transportation systems increased regional tensions.
6.1.8.C.4.b. Explain how major technological developments revolutionized land and water transportation, as well as the economy, in New Jersey and the nation.
The Nation Grows and ExpandsAround the turn of the 19th century, many changes were occurring in the United States. The industrialization of what had previously been rural and agricultural land led to a different lifestyle for many people. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The Erie CanalDuring the 18th and 19th century, there was a need for more advanced ways of trade and travel in the United States. One method of travel, by waterway, had proved successful in other parts of the world. The Erie Canal was America’s answer to the need for transportation across New York. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.1.8.C.4.c. Analyze how technological innovations affected the status and social class of different groups of people, and explain the outcomes that resulted.
InventorsAn inventor is someone who discovers a new way of doing things. This can be in the form of a product or an idea. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The Nation Grows and ExpandsAround the turn of the 19th century, many changes were occurring in the United States. The industrialization of what had previously been rural and agricultural land led to a different lifestyle for many people. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The Abolitionist MovementThe Abolitionist Movement started with the denunciation of slavery by the Quakers of Pennsylvania, a religion community of believers in equality and peace. After their public resistance to slavery, many other groups of people joined their fight for the abolition of slavery. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Causes of the Civil WarFreeIn the 1800's, America was expanding and gaining new territories. The issue of slavery was everywhere and there was much conflict over whether or not the new territories should be slave states or not. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.1.8.C.5. Civil War and Reconstruction (1850-1877) - The Civil War resulted from complex regional differences involving political, economic, and social issues, as well as different views on slavery. The Civil War and Reconstruction had a lasting impact on the development of the United States.
6.1.8.C.5.a. Assess the human and material costs of the Civil War in the North and South.
Causes of the Civil WarFreeIn the 1800's, America was expanding and gaining new territories. The issue of slavery was everywhere and there was much conflict over whether or not the new territories should be slave states or not. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The Civil WarAfter Lincoln was elected in 1860, southern states seceded from the Union in an effort to uphold their stance on slavery. During the war, the Confederacy continued to own slaves and support slavery. After many devastating battles and thousands of casualties, the Civil War ended but many problems that existed before the commencement of battle still existed. However, slaves were officially free and the economies of the North and South were in a new era of growth. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Reconstruction after the Civil WarThe years after the Civil War were dedicated to trying to resolve the problems that were not only the cause of the war but were aggravated by four years of fighting between the Union and the Confederacy. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
6.1.8.C.5.b. Analyze the economic impact of Reconstruction on the South from different perspectives.
Great MigrationWhat was the Great Migration? In the early 1900’s, many African-Americans wanted to leave the south in order to find a better life. There were not many opportunities in the south, and the African-Americans that did have jobs as sharecroppers were losing crops. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Reconstruction after the Civil WarThe years after the Civil War were dedicated to trying to resolve the problems that were not only the cause of the war but were aggravated by four years of fighting between the Union and the Confederacy. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1

6.1.8.D. History, Culture, and Perspectives

6.1.8.D.1. Three Worlds Meet (Beginnings to 1620) - Indigenous societies in the Western Hemisphere migrated and changed in response to the physical environment and due to their interactions with Europeans. European exploration expanded global economic and cultural exchange into the Western Hemisphere.
6.1.8.D.1.a. Compare and contrast gender roles, religion, values, cultural practices, and political systems of Native American groups.
European Exploration and SettlementEuropean exploration in North America began with Christopher Columbus’ discovery of what he thought was Asia. Since that time, there have many attempts by Europeans to settle in America, some successful, others not. There are many reasons why Europeans settled outside of Europe. Political, social, and economic forces encouraged the exploration of the New World, and money was almost always a motivating factor in the settlement of new colonies. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
6.1.8.D.1.b. Explain how interactions among African, European, and Native American groups began a cultural transformation.
European Exploration and SettlementEuropean exploration in North America began with Christopher Columbus’ discovery of what he thought was Asia. Since that time, there have many attempts by Europeans to settle in America, some successful, others not. There are many reasons why Europeans settled outside of Europe. Political, social, and economic forces encouraged the exploration of the New World, and money was almost always a motivating factor in the settlement of new colonies. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
6.1.8.D.2. Colonization and Settlement (1585-1763) - The colonists adapted ideas from their European heritage and from Native American groups to develop new political and religious institutions and economic systems. The slave labor system and the loss of Native American lives had a lasting impact on the development of the United States and American culture.
6.1.8.D.2.b. Compare and contrast the voluntary and involuntary migratory experiences of different groups of people, and explain why their experiences differed.
Colonial SettlementEurope was a leader in the settlement of colonies in America. Although their attempts were not always successful, by the turn of the 17th century they had a pretty firm start in the New World. Jamestown, the first successful settlement, was founded in 1607 by a stock company searching for gold. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
6.1.8.D.3. Revolution and the New Nation (1754-1820s) - Disputes over political authority and economic issues contributed to a movement for independence in the colonies. The fundamental principles of the United States Constitution serve as the foundation of the United States government today.
6.1.8.D.3.a. Explain how the consequences of the Seven Years War, changes in British policies toward American colonies, and responses by various groups and individuals in the North American colonies led to the American Revolution.
The American RevolutionIn the second half of the 18th century, the colonies began to seek independence from Great Britain. One of the main causes of the Revolutionary War was the colonist’s reaction to the taxes being placed on the necessary goods and activities of the colonies. The Revolutionary War began in 1775, when colonial militias began to fight against the British army. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
CanadaCanada has a rich history of being home to many aboriginal peoples, including Indian tribes and the Inuit. When European explorers began to reach Canada, they found a land rich in resources and began to settle in this area of North America. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
6.1.8.D.3.b. Explain why the Declaration of Independence was written and how its key principles evolved to become unifying ideas of American democracy.
The American RevolutionIn the second half of the 18th century, the colonies began to seek independence from Great Britain. One of the main causes of the Revolutionary War was the colonist’s reaction to the taxes being placed on the necessary goods and activities of the colonies. The Revolutionary War began in 1775, when colonial militias began to fight against the British army. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
6.1.8.D.3.c. Analyze the impact of George Washington as general of the American revolutionary forces and as the first president of the United States.
The American RevolutionIn the second half of the 18th century, the colonies began to seek independence from Great Britain. One of the main causes of the Revolutionary War was the colonist’s reaction to the taxes being placed on the necessary goods and activities of the colonies. The Revolutionary War began in 1775, when colonial militias began to fight against the British army. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The United States ConstitutionThe United States Constitution is a document created by a group of delegates to the Constitutional Convention after the United States declared its independence from Great Britain. The need for a governing document other than the Articles of Confederation was growing clear to the Constitutional Congress, and so they came together to devise a new document. The Constitution is the absolute law in the United States and has been that way since 1789. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
6.1.8.D.3.d. Analyze how prominent individuals and other nations contributed to the causes, execution, and outcomes of the American Revolution.
The American RevolutionIn the second half of the 18th century, the colonies began to seek independence from Great Britain. One of the main causes of the Revolutionary War was the colonist’s reaction to the taxes being placed on the necessary goods and activities of the colonies. The Revolutionary War began in 1775, when colonial militias began to fight against the British army. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
CanadaCanada has a rich history of being home to many aboriginal peoples, including Indian tribes and the Inuit. When European explorers began to reach Canada, they found a land rich in resources and began to settle in this area of North America. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
6.1.8.D.3.f. Analyze from multiple perspectives how the terms of the Treaty of Paris affected United States relations with Native Americans and with European powers that had territories in North America.
Famous TreatiesA treaty is an agreement made between two nations. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Spanish American WarThe United States was worried about the way the Cuban people were being treated by Spain. The United States fought Spain in Cuba for a short period of time. When the Spanish American War ended, Cuba was independent from Spain and the Spanish empire had lost a great deal of power. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.1.8.D.3.g. Evaluate the extent to which the leadership and decisions of early administrations of the national government met the goals established in the Preamble of the Constitution.
The United States ConstitutionThe United States Constitution is a document created by a group of delegates to the Constitutional Convention after the United States declared its independence from Great Britain. The need for a governing document other than the Articles of Confederation was growing clear to the Constitutional Congress, and so they came together to devise a new document. The Constitution is the absolute law in the United States and has been that way since 1789. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
6.1.8.D.4. Expansion and Reform (1801-1861) - Westward movement, industrial growth, increased immigration, the expansion of slavery, and the development of transportation systems increased regional tensions.
6.1.8.D.4.b. Describe efforts to reform education, women’s rights, slavery, and other issues during the Antebellum period.
Progressive MovementWhat is the Progressive Movement? During the Progressive movement, citizens found out how poorly people were being treated and tried to change this. Progressives asked for help from the government and they agreed. Amendments were passed to help citizens. Women’s Suffrage and Prohibition were two of these amendments. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The Abolitionist MovementThe Abolitionist Movement started with the denunciation of slavery by the Quakers of Pennsylvania, a religion community of believers in equality and peace. After their public resistance to slavery, many other groups of people joined their fight for the abolition of slavery. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Women's RightsIn 1848, leaders of what became the Women’s Rights Movement invited Americans to attend the Seneca Falls Convention to discuss the need for women to have the rights of suffrage (voting), education, and others. They devised a document, modeled after the Declaration of Independence, of resolutions promoting women’s civil rights. The “Declaration of Sentiments” was written by Elizabeth Cady Stanton. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Causes of the Civil WarFreeIn the 1800's, America was expanding and gaining new territories. The issue of slavery was everywhere and there was much conflict over whether or not the new territories should be slave states or not. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.1.8.D.4.c. Explain the growing resistance to slavery and New Jersey’s role in the Underground Railroad.
The Abolitionist MovementThe Abolitionist Movement started with the denunciation of slavery by the Quakers of Pennsylvania, a religion community of believers in equality and peace. After their public resistance to slavery, many other groups of people joined their fight for the abolition of slavery. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
6.1.8.D.5. Civil War and Reconstruction (1850-1877) - The Civil War resulted from complex regional differences involving political, economic, and social issues, as well as different views on slavery. The Civil War and Reconstruction had a lasting impact on the development of the United States.
6.1.8.D.5.a. Prioritize the causes and events that led to the Civil War from different perspectives.
The Abolitionist MovementThe Abolitionist Movement started with the denunciation of slavery by the Quakers of Pennsylvania, a religion community of believers in equality and peace. After their public resistance to slavery, many other groups of people joined their fight for the abolition of slavery. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Causes of the Civil WarFreeIn the 1800's, America was expanding and gaining new territories. The issue of slavery was everywhere and there was much conflict over whether or not the new territories should be slave states or not. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The Civil WarAfter Lincoln was elected in 1860, southern states seceded from the Union in an effort to uphold their stance on slavery. During the war, the Confederacy continued to own slaves and support slavery. After many devastating battles and thousands of casualties, the Civil War ended but many problems that existed before the commencement of battle still existed. However, slaves were officially free and the economies of the North and South were in a new era of growth. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
6.1.8.D.5.b. Analyze critical events and battles of the Civil War and determine how they contributed to the final outcome of the war.
Causes of the Civil WarFreeIn the 1800's, America was expanding and gaining new territories. The issue of slavery was everywhere and there was much conflict over whether or not the new territories should be slave states or not. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The Civil WarAfter Lincoln was elected in 1860, southern states seceded from the Union in an effort to uphold their stance on slavery. During the war, the Confederacy continued to own slaves and support slavery. After many devastating battles and thousands of casualties, the Civil War ended but many problems that existed before the commencement of battle still existed. However, slaves were officially free and the economies of the North and South were in a new era of growth. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
6.1.8.D.5.c. Examine the roles of women, African Americans, and Native Americans in the Civil War.
Causes of the Civil WarFreeIn the 1800's, America was expanding and gaining new territories. The issue of slavery was everywhere and there was much conflict over whether or not the new territories should be slave states or not. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The Civil WarAfter Lincoln was elected in 1860, southern states seceded from the Union in an effort to uphold their stance on slavery. During the war, the Confederacy continued to own slaves and support slavery. After many devastating battles and thousands of casualties, the Civil War ended but many problems that existed before the commencement of battle still existed. However, slaves were officially free and the economies of the North and South were in a new era of growth. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
6.1.8.D.5.d. Analyze the effectiveness of the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments to the United States Constitution from multiple perspectives.
The United States ConstitutionThe United States Constitution is a document created by a group of delegates to the Constitutional Convention after the United States declared its independence from Great Britain. The need for a governing document other than the Articles of Confederation was growing clear to the Constitutional Congress, and so they came together to devise a new document. The Constitution is the absolute law in the United States and has been that way since 1789. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1

NJ.SS.6.2.8. World History/Global Studies: All students will acquire the knowledge and skills to think analytically and systematically about how past interactions of people, cultures, and the environment affect issues across time and cultures. Such knowledge and skills enable students to make informed decisions as socially and ethically responsible world citizens in the 21st century.

6.2.8.A. Civics, Government, and Human Rights

6.2.8.A.2. Early Civilizations and the Emergence of Pastoral Peoples: Early River Valley Civilizations - Early river valley civilizations (e.g., Mesopotamia, Egypt, Indus River [modern Pakistan and northwestern India], and, later, Yellow River Valley in China) developed due to favorable geographic conditions. They created centralized systems of government and advanced societies.
6.2.8.A.2.a. Explain how/why different early river valley civilizations developed similar forms of government and legal structures.
Ancient EgyptFreeAncient Egypt was located on the fertile area surrounding the Nile River. The people of ancient Egypt used the land and river to set up villages. Ancient Egypt was ruled by many different Kings, or Pharaohs, who passed down their throne to members of their families. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient Trade RoutesTrade routes created a system where merchants could safely trade with other people. Merchants created stopping points along the way where people could rest and get supplies. Trade routes were mapped so travelers knew where they were going and did not risk getting lost. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
MesopotamiaThe area that is called Mesopotamia is an ancient region of land located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers that saw the rise of many civilizations. Because of the relationship to the two rivers, these civilizations, like many modern-day cities, thrived culturally. The Sumerians are credited with the creation of the first system of writing, irrigation, an advanced knowledge of mathematics, and the twelve month calendar. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
EgyptAncient Egypt refers to the people and area surrounding the Nile River in Africa. This period of history called Ancient Egypt extends beyond the 3000 BC-1200 BC era. During this time period, Ancient Egypt saw the rise of the Early Dynastic Period to the fall of the New Kingdom. Many things happened during those times, such as the creation of the pyramids, the creation of paper, and the growth of a writing system called hieroglyphics. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient IsraelThe history of Ancient Israel is documented in one of the world’s most widely read books: the Bible. This history is told through the lives of famous biblical characters as well as remains and inscriptions found in the Middle East. Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, the three founding patriarchs of Israel, settled in Canaan almost four thousand years ago. The people of Canaan were divided into tribes and were ruled by judges. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient ChinaFreeThe history of Ancient China spans thousands of years and a number of different dynasties. Certain Chinese dynasties lasted hundreds of years, while others were overthrown and replaced quickly by new leaders. Despite this, much of Chinese culture and religion was steadfast. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.2.8.A.3. The Classical Civilizations of the Mediterranean World, India, and China - Classical civilizations (i.e., Greece, Rome, India and China) developed and expanded into empires of unprecedented size and diversity by creating centralized governments and promoting commerce, a common culture, and social values. Cultural exchange and diffusion dramatically increased, and enduring world religions emerged, during the era of classical civilizations. Classical civilizations declined as a result of internal weaknesses and external invasions, but they left lasting legacies for future civilizations.
6.2.8.A.3.a. Compare and contrast the methods (i.e., autocratic rule, philosophies, and bureaucratic structures) used by the rulers of Rome, China, and India to control and unify their expanding empires.
Ancient RomeFreeAncient Rome was a civilization that began as a small village in Italy. They eventually were in control of the Mediterranean after the rule of ancient Greece. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient RomeAncient Rome (500 BC-500 AD) is characterized by many different leaders, governments and events. The history of ancient Rome spans a number of centuries, and is divided into three main categories: the Roman Kingdom, the Roman Republic, and the Roman Empire. Ancient Rome is also known for many famous leaders. Caesar, Augustus, Constantine and Nero are just a few of the historic figures that led to the expansion of Rome. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient ChinaFreeThe history of Ancient China spans thousands of years and a number of different dynasties. Certain Chinese dynasties lasted hundreds of years, while others were overthrown and replaced quickly by new leaders. Despite this, much of Chinese culture and religion was steadfast. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.2.8.A.3.b. Compare and contrast the rights and responsibilities of free men, women, slaves, and foreigners in the political, economic, and social structures of classical civilizations.
Class SystemsThroughout history, groups of people have been divided into many different categories. These categories are called classes. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient GreeceAbout 4,000 years ago, in the land that we know today as Greece, people from different cultures began to settle down and create villages. These villages made up the area called ancient Greece. Ancient Greece was the trading center of the Mediterranean. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient RomeFreeAncient Rome was a civilization that began as a small village in Italy. They eventually were in control of the Mediterranean after the rule of ancient Greece. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Medieval EuropeThe document entitled “The Articles of Confederation” was the first governing document of the United States. The Articles of Confederation made the laws regarding how the newly united colonies handled and shared money, reacted to war, and settled disputes. Once the Articles were in use, it became clear that some additions needed to be made for effective governance. Some new Acts were added to the Articles of Confederation. The Land Ordinance of 1785 was an example of this. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient GreeceTo define Ancient Greece (800-200 BC) is to define an area that surrounds the modern-day country of Greece and the culture that it represents. In ancient times, the city-states of Greece expanded their culture and influence to many other places. Ancient Greece is also well known for its contributions to literature, art, science and mathematics. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient RomeAncient Rome (500 BC-500 AD) is characterized by many different leaders, governments and events. The history of ancient Rome spans a number of centuries, and is divided into three main categories: the Roman Kingdom, the Roman Republic, and the Roman Empire. Ancient Rome is also known for many famous leaders. Caesar, Augustus, Constantine and Nero are just a few of the historic figures that led to the expansion of Rome. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient ChinaFreeThe history of Ancient China spans thousands of years and a number of different dynasties. Certain Chinese dynasties lasted hundreds of years, while others were overthrown and replaced quickly by new leaders. Despite this, much of Chinese culture and religion was steadfast. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.2.8.A.3.c. Determine the foundational concepts and principles of Athenian democracy and the Roman Republic that later influenced the development of the United States Constitution.
Ancient GreeceAbout 4,000 years ago, in the land that we know today as Greece, people from different cultures began to settle down and create villages. These villages made up the area called ancient Greece. Ancient Greece was the trading center of the Mediterranean. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient RomeFreeAncient Rome was a civilization that began as a small village in Italy. They eventually were in control of the Mediterranean after the rule of ancient Greece. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient GreeceTo define Ancient Greece (800-200 BC) is to define an area that surrounds the modern-day country of Greece and the culture that it represents. In ancient times, the city-states of Greece expanded their culture and influence to many other places. Ancient Greece is also well known for its contributions to literature, art, science and mathematics. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient RomeAncient Rome (500 BC-500 AD) is characterized by many different leaders, governments and events. The history of ancient Rome spans a number of centuries, and is divided into three main categories: the Roman Kingdom, the Roman Republic, and the Roman Empire. Ancient Rome is also known for many famous leaders. Caesar, Augustus, Constantine and Nero are just a few of the historic figures that led to the expansion of Rome. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.2.8.A.3.d. Compare the status (i.e., political, economic, and social) of groups in the Ancient World to those of people today and evaluate how individuals perceived the principles of liberty and equality then and now.
Ancient GreeceAbout 4,000 years ago, in the land that we know today as Greece, people from different cultures began to settle down and create villages. These villages made up the area called ancient Greece. Ancient Greece was the trading center of the Mediterranean. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient GreeceTo define Ancient Greece (800-200 BC) is to define an area that surrounds the modern-day country of Greece and the culture that it represents. In ancient times, the city-states of Greece expanded their culture and influence to many other places. Ancient Greece is also well known for its contributions to literature, art, science and mathematics. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.2.8.A.3.e. Compare and contrast the American legal system with the legal systems of classical civilizations, and determine the extent to which these early systems influenced our current legal system.
Ancient GreeceAbout 4,000 years ago, in the land that we know today as Greece, people from different cultures began to settle down and create villages. These villages made up the area called ancient Greece. Ancient Greece was the trading center of the Mediterranean. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient RomeFreeAncient Rome was a civilization that began as a small village in Italy. They eventually were in control of the Mediterranean after the rule of ancient Greece. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient GreeceTo define Ancient Greece (800-200 BC) is to define an area that surrounds the modern-day country of Greece and the culture that it represents. In ancient times, the city-states of Greece expanded their culture and influence to many other places. Ancient Greece is also well known for its contributions to literature, art, science and mathematics. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient RomeAncient Rome (500 BC-500 AD) is characterized by many different leaders, governments and events. The history of ancient Rome spans a number of centuries, and is divided into three main categories: the Roman Kingdom, the Roman Republic, and the Roman Empire. Ancient Rome is also known for many famous leaders. Caesar, Augustus, Constantine and Nero are just a few of the historic figures that led to the expansion of Rome. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.2.8.A.4. Expanding Exchanges and Encounters - The emergence of empires (i.e., Asia, Africa, Europe and the Americas) resulted from the promotion of interregional trade, cultural exchanges, new technologies, urbanization, and centralized political organization. The rise and spread of new belief systems unified societies, but they also became a major source of tension and conflict. While commercial and agricultural improvements created new wealth and opportunities for the empires, most people’s daily lives remained unchanged.
6.2.8.A.4.a. Analyze the role of religion and other means rulers used to unify and centrally govern expanding territories with diverse populations.
Medieval EuropeThe document entitled “The Articles of Confederation” was the first governing document of the United States. The Articles of Confederation made the laws regarding how the newly united colonies handled and shared money, reacted to war, and settled disputes. Once the Articles were in use, it became clear that some additions needed to be made for effective governance. Some new Acts were added to the Articles of Confederation. The Land Ordinance of 1785 was an example of this. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.2.8.A.4.b. Compare and contrast the Japanese and European systems of feudalism and the effectiveness of each in promoting social, economic, and political order.
Types of GovernmentSome examples of different types of governments are: Aristocracy, Democracy, Dictatorship, Anarchy, Oligarchy Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Class SystemsThroughout history, groups of people have been divided into many different categories. These categories are called classes. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Medieval EuropeThe document entitled “The Articles of Confederation” was the first governing document of the United States. The Articles of Confederation made the laws regarding how the newly united colonies handled and shared money, reacted to war, and settled disputes. Once the Articles were in use, it became clear that some additions needed to be made for effective governance. Some new Acts were added to the Articles of Confederation. The Land Ordinance of 1785 was an example of this. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.2.8.A.4.c. Determine the influence of medieval English legal and constitutional practices (i.e., the Magna Carta, parliament, the development of habeas corpus, and an independent judiciary) on modern democratic thought and institutions.
Medieval EuropeThe document entitled “The Articles of Confederation” was the first governing document of the United States. The Articles of Confederation made the laws regarding how the newly united colonies handled and shared money, reacted to war, and settled disputes. Once the Articles were in use, it became clear that some additions needed to be made for effective governance. Some new Acts were added to the Articles of Confederation. The Land Ordinance of 1785 was an example of this. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The United States ConstitutionThe United States Constitution is a document created by a group of delegates to the Constitutional Convention after the United States declared its independence from Great Britain. The need for a governing document other than the Articles of Confederation was growing clear to the Constitutional Congress, and so they came together to devise a new document. The Constitution is the absolute law in the United States and has been that way since 1789. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1

6.2.8.B. Geography, People, and the Environment

6.2.8.B.2. Early Civilizations and the Emergence of Pastoral Peoples: Early River Valley Civilizations - Early river valley civilizations (e.g., Mesopotamia, Egypt, Indus River [modern Pakistan and northwestern India], and, later, Yellow River Valley in China) developed due to favorable geographic conditions. They created centralized systems of government and advanced societies.
6.2.8.B.2.a. Determine the extent to which geography influenced settlement, the development of trade networks, technological innovations, and the sustainability of early river valley civilizations.
Ancient EgyptFreeAncient Egypt was located on the fertile area surrounding the Nile River. The people of ancient Egypt used the land and river to set up villages. Ancient Egypt was ruled by many different Kings, or Pharaohs, who passed down their throne to members of their families. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient Trade RoutesTrade routes created a system where merchants could safely trade with other people. Merchants created stopping points along the way where people could rest and get supplies. Trade routes were mapped so travelers knew where they were going and did not risk getting lost. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
MesopotamiaThe area that is called Mesopotamia is an ancient region of land located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers that saw the rise of many civilizations. Because of the relationship to the two rivers, these civilizations, like many modern-day cities, thrived culturally. The Sumerians are credited with the creation of the first system of writing, irrigation, an advanced knowledge of mathematics, and the twelve month calendar. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
EgyptAncient Egypt refers to the people and area surrounding the Nile River in Africa. This period of history called Ancient Egypt extends beyond the 3000 BC-1200 BC era. During this time period, Ancient Egypt saw the rise of the Early Dynastic Period to the fall of the New Kingdom. Many things happened during those times, such as the creation of the pyramids, the creation of paper, and the growth of a writing system called hieroglyphics. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient IsraelThe history of Ancient Israel is documented in one of the world’s most widely read books: the Bible. This history is told through the lives of famous biblical characters as well as remains and inscriptions found in the Middle East. Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, the three founding patriarchs of Israel, settled in Canaan almost four thousand years ago. The people of Canaan were divided into tribes and were ruled by judges. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient ChinaFreeThe history of Ancient China spans thousands of years and a number of different dynasties. Certain Chinese dynasties lasted hundreds of years, while others were overthrown and replaced quickly by new leaders. Despite this, much of Chinese culture and religion was steadfast. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.2.8.B.2.b. Compare and contrast physical and political maps of early river valley civilizations and their modern counterparts (i.e., Mesopotamia and Iraq; Ancient Egypt and Modern Egypt; Indus River Valley and Modern Pakistan/India; Ancient China and Modern China), and determine the geopolitical impact of these civilizations, then and now.
ArchaeologyMany people study the past to see what life was like before our time. Certain people, called archaeologists, study the past through looking at the remains of people and societies before us. There remains can be material goods, bodies, or even entire cities that were preserved in time. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient EgyptFreeAncient Egypt was located on the fertile area surrounding the Nile River. The people of ancient Egypt used the land and river to set up villages. Ancient Egypt was ruled by many different Kings, or Pharaohs, who passed down their throne to members of their families. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient Trade RoutesTrade routes created a system where merchants could safely trade with other people. Merchants created stopping points along the way where people could rest and get supplies. Trade routes were mapped so travelers knew where they were going and did not risk getting lost. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
MesopotamiaThe area that is called Mesopotamia is an ancient region of land located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers that saw the rise of many civilizations. Because of the relationship to the two rivers, these civilizations, like many modern-day cities, thrived culturally. The Sumerians are credited with the creation of the first system of writing, irrigation, an advanced knowledge of mathematics, and the twelve month calendar. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
EgyptAncient Egypt refers to the people and area surrounding the Nile River in Africa. This period of history called Ancient Egypt extends beyond the 3000 BC-1200 BC era. During this time period, Ancient Egypt saw the rise of the Early Dynastic Period to the fall of the New Kingdom. Many things happened during those times, such as the creation of the pyramids, the creation of paper, and the growth of a writing system called hieroglyphics. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient IsraelThe history of Ancient Israel is documented in one of the world’s most widely read books: the Bible. This history is told through the lives of famous biblical characters as well as remains and inscriptions found in the Middle East. Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, the three founding patriarchs of Israel, settled in Canaan almost four thousand years ago. The people of Canaan were divided into tribes and were ruled by judges. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient ChinaFreeThe history of Ancient China spans thousands of years and a number of different dynasties. Certain Chinese dynasties lasted hundreds of years, while others were overthrown and replaced quickly by new leaders. Despite this, much of Chinese culture and religion was steadfast. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.2.8.B.3. The Classical Civilizations of the Mediterranean World, India, and China - Classical civilizations (i.e., Greece, Rome, India and China) developed and expanded into empires of unprecedented size and diversity by creating centralized governments and promoting commerce, a common culture, and social values. Cultural exchange and diffusion dramatically increased, and enduring world religions emerged, during the era of classical civilizations. Classical civilizations declined as a result of internal weaknesses and external invasions, but they left lasting legacies for future civilizations.
6.2.8.B.3.a. Determine how geography and the availability of natural resources influenced the development of the political, economic, and cultural systems of each of the classical civilizations and provided motivation for expansion.
Ancient GreeceAbout 4,000 years ago, in the land that we know today as Greece, people from different cultures began to settle down and create villages. These villages made up the area called ancient Greece. Ancient Greece was the trading center of the Mediterranean. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient RomeFreeAncient Rome was a civilization that began as a small village in Italy. They eventually were in control of the Mediterranean after the rule of ancient Greece. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient Trade RoutesTrade routes created a system where merchants could safely trade with other people. Merchants created stopping points along the way where people could rest and get supplies. Trade routes were mapped so travelers knew where they were going and did not risk getting lost. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient GreeceTo define Ancient Greece (800-200 BC) is to define an area that surrounds the modern-day country of Greece and the culture that it represents. In ancient times, the city-states of Greece expanded their culture and influence to many other places. Ancient Greece is also well known for its contributions to literature, art, science and mathematics. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient RomeAncient Rome (500 BC-500 AD) is characterized by many different leaders, governments and events. The history of ancient Rome spans a number of centuries, and is divided into three main categories: the Roman Kingdom, the Roman Republic, and the Roman Empire. Ancient Rome is also known for many famous leaders. Caesar, Augustus, Constantine and Nero are just a few of the historic figures that led to the expansion of Rome. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient ChinaFreeThe history of Ancient China spans thousands of years and a number of different dynasties. Certain Chinese dynasties lasted hundreds of years, while others were overthrown and replaced quickly by new leaders. Despite this, much of Chinese culture and religion was steadfast. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.2.8.B.3.b. Explain how geography and the availability of natural resources led to both the development of Greek city-states and to their decline.
Ancient GreeceAbout 4,000 years ago, in the land that we know today as Greece, people from different cultures began to settle down and create villages. These villages made up the area called ancient Greece. Ancient Greece was the trading center of the Mediterranean. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient GreeceTo define Ancient Greece (800-200 BC) is to define an area that surrounds the modern-day country of Greece and the culture that it represents. In ancient times, the city-states of Greece expanded their culture and influence to many other places. Ancient Greece is also well known for its contributions to literature, art, science and mathematics. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.2.8.B.4. Expanding Exchanges and Encounters - The emergence of empires (i.e., Asia, Africa, Europe and the Americas) resulted from the promotion of interregional trade, cultural exchanges, new technologies, urbanization, and centralized political organization. The rise and spread of new belief systems unified societies, but they also became a major source of tension and conflict. While commercial and agricultural improvements created new wealth and opportunities for the empires, most people’s daily lives remained unchanged.
6.2.8.B.4.a. Explain how geography influenced the development of the political, economic, and cultural centers of each empire as well as the empires’ relationships with other parts of the world.
Class SystemsThroughout history, groups of people have been divided into many different categories. These categories are called classes. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Medieval EuropeThe document entitled “The Articles of Confederation” was the first governing document of the United States. The Articles of Confederation made the laws regarding how the newly united colonies handled and shared money, reacted to war, and settled disputes. Once the Articles were in use, it became clear that some additions needed to be made for effective governance. Some new Acts were added to the Articles of Confederation. The Land Ordinance of 1785 was an example of this. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The AztecsThe Aztecs lived in the area that is now Mexico, and were one of the largest Mesoamerican societies. The Aztecs were a complex society with a governmental structure advanced for their time. The Aztecs were also known for their religious ceremonies and great temples that were built to honor their gods. The Aztecs believed in human sacrifice and were quite brutal in the sacrificial rites. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The MayaIn the 1st century, a group of people called the Maya rose to civilization in Central and South America. Their society was very interactive and organized around individual city states, each with their own governmental system. They created a system of writing which consisted of individual symbols to represent sounds and words. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.2.8.B.4.b. Assess how maritime and overland trade routes (i.e., the African caravan and Silk Road) impacted urbanization, transportation, communication, and the development of international trade centers.
Ancient ChinaFreeThe history of Ancient China spans thousands of years and a number of different dynasties. Certain Chinese dynasties lasted hundreds of years, while others were overthrown and replaced quickly by new leaders. Despite this, much of Chinese culture and religion was steadfast. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.2.8.B.4.e. Analyze the motivations for civilizations to modify the environment, determine the positive and negative consequences of environmental changes made during this time period, and relate these changes to current environmental challenges.
Class SystemsThroughout history, groups of people have been divided into many different categories. These categories are called classes. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Medieval EuropeThe document entitled “The Articles of Confederation” was the first governing document of the United States. The Articles of Confederation made the laws regarding how the newly united colonies handled and shared money, reacted to war, and settled disputes. Once the Articles were in use, it became clear that some additions needed to be made for effective governance. Some new Acts were added to the Articles of Confederation. The Land Ordinance of 1785 was an example of this. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The AztecsThe Aztecs lived in the area that is now Mexico, and were one of the largest Mesoamerican societies. The Aztecs were a complex society with a governmental structure advanced for their time. The Aztecs were also known for their religious ceremonies and great temples that were built to honor their gods. The Aztecs believed in human sacrifice and were quite brutal in the sacrificial rites. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The MayaIn the 1st century, a group of people called the Maya rose to civilization in Central and South America. Their society was very interactive and organized around individual city states, each with their own governmental system. They created a system of writing which consisted of individual symbols to represent sounds and words. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.2.8.B.4.f. Explain how the geographies and climates of Asia, Africa, Europe, and the Americas influenced their economic development and interaction or isolation with other societies.
Industrial RevolutionThe Industrial Revolution started in Great Britain with the invention of new farming technology. In the mid 1700’s, farmers began to come up with new ideas and technology to make farming more efficient. These ideas made farming much easier and less people were needed to work the land. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient Trade RoutesTrade routes created a system where merchants could safely trade with other people. Merchants created stopping points along the way where people could rest and get supplies. Trade routes were mapped so travelers knew where they were going and did not risk getting lost. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1

6.2.8.C. Economics, Innovation, and Technology

6.2.8.C.2. Early Civilizations and the Emergence of Pastoral Peoples: Early River Valley Civilizations - Early river valley civilizations (e.g., Mesopotamia, Egypt, Indus River [modern Pakistan and northwestern India], and, later, Yellow River Valley in China) developed due to favorable geographic conditions. They created centralized systems of government and advanced societies.
6.2.8.C.2.a. Explain how technological advancements led to greater economic specialization, improved weaponry, trade, and the development of a class system in early river valley civilizations.
ArchaeologyMany people study the past to see what life was like before our time. Certain people, called archaeologists, study the past through looking at the remains of people and societies before us. There remains can be material goods, bodies, or even entire cities that were preserved in time. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient EgyptFreeAncient Egypt was located on the fertile area surrounding the Nile River. The people of ancient Egypt used the land and river to set up villages. Ancient Egypt was ruled by many different Kings, or Pharaohs, who passed down their throne to members of their families. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient Trade RoutesTrade routes created a system where merchants could safely trade with other people. Merchants created stopping points along the way where people could rest and get supplies. Trade routes were mapped so travelers knew where they were going and did not risk getting lost. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
MesopotamiaThe area that is called Mesopotamia is an ancient region of land located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers that saw the rise of many civilizations. Because of the relationship to the two rivers, these civilizations, like many modern-day cities, thrived culturally. The Sumerians are credited with the creation of the first system of writing, irrigation, an advanced knowledge of mathematics, and the twelve month calendar. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
EgyptAncient Egypt refers to the people and area surrounding the Nile River in Africa. This period of history called Ancient Egypt extends beyond the 3000 BC-1200 BC era. During this time period, Ancient Egypt saw the rise of the Early Dynastic Period to the fall of the New Kingdom. Many things happened during those times, such as the creation of the pyramids, the creation of paper, and the growth of a writing system called hieroglyphics. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient IsraelThe history of Ancient Israel is documented in one of the world’s most widely read books: the Bible. This history is told through the lives of famous biblical characters as well as remains and inscriptions found in the Middle East. Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, the three founding patriarchs of Israel, settled in Canaan almost four thousand years ago. The people of Canaan were divided into tribes and were ruled by judges. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient ChinaFreeThe history of Ancient China spans thousands of years and a number of different dynasties. Certain Chinese dynasties lasted hundreds of years, while others were overthrown and replaced quickly by new leaders. Despite this, much of Chinese culture and religion was steadfast. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.2.8.C.3. The Classical Civilizations of the Mediterranean World, India, and China - Classical civilizations (i.e., Greece, Rome, India and China) developed and expanded into empires of unprecedented size and diversity by creating centralized governments and promoting commerce, a common culture, and social values. Cultural exchange and diffusion dramatically increased, and enduring world religions emerged, during the era of classical civilizations. Classical civilizations declined as a result of internal weaknesses and external invasions, but they left lasting legacies for future civilizations.
6.2.8.C.3.a. Analyze the impact of expanding land and sea trade routes as well as a uniform system of exchange in the Mediterranean World and Asia.
Ancient GreeceAbout 4,000 years ago, in the land that we know today as Greece, people from different cultures began to settle down and create villages. These villages made up the area called ancient Greece. Ancient Greece was the trading center of the Mediterranean. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient RomeFreeAncient Rome was a civilization that began as a small village in Italy. They eventually were in control of the Mediterranean after the rule of ancient Greece. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient Trade RoutesTrade routes created a system where merchants could safely trade with other people. Merchants created stopping points along the way where people could rest and get supplies. Trade routes were mapped so travelers knew where they were going and did not risk getting lost. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient GreeceTo define Ancient Greece (800-200 BC) is to define an area that surrounds the modern-day country of Greece and the culture that it represents. In ancient times, the city-states of Greece expanded their culture and influence to many other places. Ancient Greece is also well known for its contributions to literature, art, science and mathematics. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient RomeAncient Rome (500 BC-500 AD) is characterized by many different leaders, governments and events. The history of ancient Rome spans a number of centuries, and is divided into three main categories: the Roman Kingdom, the Roman Republic, and the Roman Empire. Ancient Rome is also known for many famous leaders. Caesar, Augustus, Constantine and Nero are just a few of the historic figures that led to the expansion of Rome. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient ChinaFreeThe history of Ancient China spans thousands of years and a number of different dynasties. Certain Chinese dynasties lasted hundreds of years, while others were overthrown and replaced quickly by new leaders. Despite this, much of Chinese culture and religion was steadfast. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.2.8.C.3.b. Explain how classical civilizations used technology and innovation to enhance agricultural/ manufacturing output and commerce, to expand military capabilities, to improve life in urban areas, and to allow for greater division of labor.
Ancient GreeceAbout 4,000 years ago, in the land that we know today as Greece, people from different cultures began to settle down and create villages. These villages made up the area called ancient Greece. Ancient Greece was the trading center of the Mediterranean. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient RomeFreeAncient Rome was a civilization that began as a small village in Italy. They eventually were in control of the Mediterranean after the rule of ancient Greece. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient GreeceTo define Ancient Greece (800-200 BC) is to define an area that surrounds the modern-day country of Greece and the culture that it represents. In ancient times, the city-states of Greece expanded their culture and influence to many other places. Ancient Greece is also well known for its contributions to literature, art, science and mathematics. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient RomeAncient Rome (500 BC-500 AD) is characterized by many different leaders, governments and events. The history of ancient Rome spans a number of centuries, and is divided into three main categories: the Roman Kingdom, the Roman Republic, and the Roman Empire. Ancient Rome is also known for many famous leaders. Caesar, Augustus, Constantine and Nero are just a few of the historic figures that led to the expansion of Rome. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient ChinaFreeThe history of Ancient China spans thousands of years and a number of different dynasties. Certain Chinese dynasties lasted hundreds of years, while others were overthrown and replaced quickly by new leaders. Despite this, much of Chinese culture and religion was steadfast. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.2.8.C.4. Expanding Exchanges and Encounters - The emergence of empires (i.e., Asia, Africa, Europe and the Americas) resulted from the promotion of interregional trade, cultural exchanges, new technologies, urbanization, and centralized political organization. The rise and spread of new belief systems unified societies, but they also became a major source of tension and conflict. While commercial and agricultural improvements created new wealth and opportunities for the empires, most people’s daily lives remained unchanged.
6.2.8.C.4.a. Explain how and why the interrelationships among improved agricultural production, population growth, urbanization, and commercialization led to the rise of powerful states and kingdoms (i.e., Europe, Asia, Americas).
Industrial RevolutionThe Industrial Revolution started in Great Britain with the invention of new farming technology. In the mid 1700’s, farmers began to come up with new ideas and technology to make farming more efficient. These ideas made farming much easier and less people were needed to work the land. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient ChinaFreeThe history of Ancient China spans thousands of years and a number of different dynasties. Certain Chinese dynasties lasted hundreds of years, while others were overthrown and replaced quickly by new leaders. Despite this, much of Chinese culture and religion was steadfast. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.2.8.C.4.b. Determine the extent to which interaction between the Islamic world and medieval Europe increased trade, enhanced technology innovation, and impacted scientific thought and the arts.
Medieval EuropeThe document entitled “The Articles of Confederation” was the first governing document of the United States. The Articles of Confederation made the laws regarding how the newly united colonies handled and shared money, reacted to war, and settled disputes. Once the Articles were in use, it became clear that some additions needed to be made for effective governance. Some new Acts were added to the Articles of Confederation. The Land Ordinance of 1785 was an example of this. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1

6.2.8.D. History, Culture, and Perspectives

6.2.8.D.1. The Beginnings of Human Society: Paleolithic and Neolithic Ages - Hunter/gatherers adapted to their physical environments using resources, the natural world, and technological advancements. The agricultural revolution led to an increase in population, specialization of labor, new forms of social organization, and the beginning of societies. Archaeology provides historical and scientific explanations for how ancient people lived.
6.2.8.D.1.c. Explain how archaeological discoveries are used to develop and enhance understanding of life prior to written records.
ArchaeologyMany people study the past to see what life was like before our time. Certain people, called archaeologists, study the past through looking at the remains of people and societies before us. There remains can be material goods, bodies, or even entire cities that were preserved in time. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
6.2.8.D.2. Early Civilizations and the Emergence of Pastoral Peoples: Early River Valley Civilizations - Early river valley civilizations (e.g., Mesopotamia, Egypt, Indus River [modern Pakistan and northwestern India], and, later, Yellow River Valley in China) developed due to favorable geographic conditions. They created centralized systems of government and advanced societies.
6.2.8.D.2.a. Analyze the impact of religion on daily life, government, and culture in various early river valley civilizations.
ArchaeologyMany people study the past to see what life was like before our time. Certain people, called archaeologists, study the past through looking at the remains of people and societies before us. There remains can be material goods, bodies, or even entire cities that were preserved in time. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient EgyptFreeAncient Egypt was located on the fertile area surrounding the Nile River. The people of ancient Egypt used the land and river to set up villages. Ancient Egypt was ruled by many different Kings, or Pharaohs, who passed down their throne to members of their families. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient Trade RoutesTrade routes created a system where merchants could safely trade with other people. Merchants created stopping points along the way where people could rest and get supplies. Trade routes were mapped so travelers knew where they were going and did not risk getting lost. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
MesopotamiaThe area that is called Mesopotamia is an ancient region of land located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers that saw the rise of many civilizations. Because of the relationship to the two rivers, these civilizations, like many modern-day cities, thrived culturally. The Sumerians are credited with the creation of the first system of writing, irrigation, an advanced knowledge of mathematics, and the twelve month calendar. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
EgyptAncient Egypt refers to the people and area surrounding the Nile River in Africa. This period of history called Ancient Egypt extends beyond the 3000 BC-1200 BC era. During this time period, Ancient Egypt saw the rise of the Early Dynastic Period to the fall of the New Kingdom. Many things happened during those times, such as the creation of the pyramids, the creation of paper, and the growth of a writing system called hieroglyphics. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient IsraelThe history of Ancient Israel is documented in one of the world’s most widely read books: the Bible. This history is told through the lives of famous biblical characters as well as remains and inscriptions found in the Middle East. Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, the three founding patriarchs of Israel, settled in Canaan almost four thousand years ago. The people of Canaan were divided into tribes and were ruled by judges. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient ChinaFreeThe history of Ancient China spans thousands of years and a number of different dynasties. Certain Chinese dynasties lasted hundreds of years, while others were overthrown and replaced quickly by new leaders. Despite this, much of Chinese culture and religion was steadfast. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.2.8.D.2.b. Explain how the development of written language transformed all aspects of life in early river valley civilizations.
Ancient EgyptFreeAncient Egypt was located on the fertile area surrounding the Nile River. The people of ancient Egypt used the land and river to set up villages. Ancient Egypt was ruled by many different Kings, or Pharaohs, who passed down their throne to members of their families. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
PhoeniciaPhoenicia (1000-300 BC) was an ancient civilization in Asia that was made up of a number of city-states. The most prominent city-state in Phoenicia was Carthage, a city that is still a part of Asia. The Phoenicians were a polytheistic culture and celebrated many gods and goddesses. Phoenicia was well known for the extensive trading network they established during their rise as a civilization. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.2.8.D.2.c. Analyze the factors that led to the rise and fall of various early river valley civilizations and determine whether there was a common pattern of growth and decline.
ArchaeologyMany people study the past to see what life was like before our time. Certain people, called archaeologists, study the past through looking at the remains of people and societies before us. There remains can be material goods, bodies, or even entire cities that were preserved in time. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient EgyptFreeAncient Egypt was located on the fertile area surrounding the Nile River. The people of ancient Egypt used the land and river to set up villages. Ancient Egypt was ruled by many different Kings, or Pharaohs, who passed down their throne to members of their families. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient Trade RoutesTrade routes created a system where merchants could safely trade with other people. Merchants created stopping points along the way where people could rest and get supplies. Trade routes were mapped so travelers knew where they were going and did not risk getting lost. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
MesopotamiaThe area that is called Mesopotamia is an ancient region of land located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers that saw the rise of many civilizations. Because of the relationship to the two rivers, these civilizations, like many modern-day cities, thrived culturally. The Sumerians are credited with the creation of the first system of writing, irrigation, an advanced knowledge of mathematics, and the twelve month calendar. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
EgyptAncient Egypt refers to the people and area surrounding the Nile River in Africa. This period of history called Ancient Egypt extends beyond the 3000 BC-1200 BC era. During this time period, Ancient Egypt saw the rise of the Early Dynastic Period to the fall of the New Kingdom. Many things happened during those times, such as the creation of the pyramids, the creation of paper, and the growth of a writing system called hieroglyphics. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient IsraelThe history of Ancient Israel is documented in one of the world’s most widely read books: the Bible. This history is told through the lives of famous biblical characters as well as remains and inscriptions found in the Middle East. Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, the three founding patriarchs of Israel, settled in Canaan almost four thousand years ago. The people of Canaan were divided into tribes and were ruled by judges. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient ChinaFreeThe history of Ancient China spans thousands of years and a number of different dynasties. Certain Chinese dynasties lasted hundreds of years, while others were overthrown and replaced quickly by new leaders. Despite this, much of Chinese culture and religion was steadfast. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.2.8.D.2.d. Evaluate the importance and enduring legacy of the major achievements of the early river valley civilizations over time.
ArchaeologyMany people study the past to see what life was like before our time. Certain people, called archaeologists, study the past through looking at the remains of people and societies before us. There remains can be material goods, bodies, or even entire cities that were preserved in time. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient EgyptFreeAncient Egypt was located on the fertile area surrounding the Nile River. The people of ancient Egypt used the land and river to set up villages. Ancient Egypt was ruled by many different Kings, or Pharaohs, who passed down their throne to members of their families. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
EgyptAncient Egypt refers to the people and area surrounding the Nile River in Africa. This period of history called Ancient Egypt extends beyond the 3000 BC-1200 BC era. During this time period, Ancient Egypt saw the rise of the Early Dynastic Period to the fall of the New Kingdom. Many things happened during those times, such as the creation of the pyramids, the creation of paper, and the growth of a writing system called hieroglyphics. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient ChinaFreeThe history of Ancient China spans thousands of years and a number of different dynasties. Certain Chinese dynasties lasted hundreds of years, while others were overthrown and replaced quickly by new leaders. Despite this, much of Chinese culture and religion was steadfast. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.2.8.D.3. The Classical Civilizations of the Mediterranean World, India, and China - Classical civilizations (i.e., Greece, Rome, India and China) developed and expanded into empires of unprecedented size and diversity by creating centralized governments and promoting commerce, a common culture, and social values. Cultural exchange and diffusion dramatically increased, and enduring world religions emerged, during the era of classical civilizations. Classical civilizations declined as a result of internal weaknesses and external invasions, but they left lasting legacies for future civilizations.
6.2.8.D.3.a. Compare and contrast social hierarchies in classical civilizations as they relate to power, wealth, and equality.
Class SystemsThroughout history, groups of people have been divided into many different categories. These categories are called classes. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient GreeceAbout 4,000 years ago, in the land that we know today as Greece, people from different cultures began to settle down and create villages. These villages made up the area called ancient Greece. Ancient Greece was the trading center of the Mediterranean. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient RomeFreeAncient Rome was a civilization that began as a small village in Italy. They eventually were in control of the Mediterranean after the rule of ancient Greece. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient GreeceTo define Ancient Greece (800-200 BC) is to define an area that surrounds the modern-day country of Greece and the culture that it represents. In ancient times, the city-states of Greece expanded their culture and influence to many other places. Ancient Greece is also well known for its contributions to literature, art, science and mathematics. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient RomeAncient Rome (500 BC-500 AD) is characterized by many different leaders, governments and events. The history of ancient Rome spans a number of centuries, and is divided into three main categories: the Roman Kingdom, the Roman Republic, and the Roman Empire. Ancient Rome is also known for many famous leaders. Caesar, Augustus, Constantine and Nero are just a few of the historic figures that led to the expansion of Rome. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient ChinaFreeThe history of Ancient China spans thousands of years and a number of different dynasties. Certain Chinese dynasties lasted hundreds of years, while others were overthrown and replaced quickly by new leaders. Despite this, much of Chinese culture and religion was steadfast. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.2.8.D.3.b. Determine common factors that contributed to the decline and fall of the Roman Empire, Gupta India, and Han China.
Ancient RomeFreeAncient Rome was a civilization that began as a small village in Italy. They eventually were in control of the Mediterranean after the rule of ancient Greece. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Medieval EuropeThe document entitled “The Articles of Confederation” was the first governing document of the United States. The Articles of Confederation made the laws regarding how the newly united colonies handled and shared money, reacted to war, and settled disputes. Once the Articles were in use, it became clear that some additions needed to be made for effective governance. Some new Acts were added to the Articles of Confederation. The Land Ordinance of 1785 was an example of this. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient RomeAncient Rome (500 BC-500 AD) is characterized by many different leaders, governments and events. The history of ancient Rome spans a number of centuries, and is divided into three main categories: the Roman Kingdom, the Roman Republic, and the Roman Empire. Ancient Rome is also known for many famous leaders. Caesar, Augustus, Constantine and Nero are just a few of the historic figures that led to the expansion of Rome. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient ChinaFreeThe history of Ancient China spans thousands of years and a number of different dynasties. Certain Chinese dynasties lasted hundreds of years, while others were overthrown and replaced quickly by new leaders. Despite this, much of Chinese culture and religion was steadfast. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.2.8.D.3.c. Evaluate the importance and enduring legacy of the major achievements of Greece, Rome, India, and China over time.
Ancient GreeceAbout 4,000 years ago, in the land that we know today as Greece, people from different cultures began to settle down and create villages. These villages made up the area called ancient Greece. Ancient Greece was the trading center of the Mediterranean. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient RomeFreeAncient Rome was a civilization that began as a small village in Italy. They eventually were in control of the Mediterranean after the rule of ancient Greece. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient GreeceTo define Ancient Greece (800-200 BC) is to define an area that surrounds the modern-day country of Greece and the culture that it represents. In ancient times, the city-states of Greece expanded their culture and influence to many other places. Ancient Greece is also well known for its contributions to literature, art, science and mathematics. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient RomeAncient Rome (500 BC-500 AD) is characterized by many different leaders, governments and events. The history of ancient Rome spans a number of centuries, and is divided into three main categories: the Roman Kingdom, the Roman Republic, and the Roman Empire. Ancient Rome is also known for many famous leaders. Caesar, Augustus, Constantine and Nero are just a few of the historic figures that led to the expansion of Rome. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient ChinaFreeThe history of Ancient China spans thousands of years and a number of different dynasties. Certain Chinese dynasties lasted hundreds of years, while others were overthrown and replaced quickly by new leaders. Despite this, much of Chinese culture and religion was steadfast. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.2.8.D.3.d. Compare and contrast the tenets of various world religions that developed in or around this time period (i.e., Buddhism, Christianity, Confucianism, Islam, Judaism, Sikhism, and Taoism), their patterns of expansion, and their responses to the current challenges of globalization.
Ancient ChinaFreeThe history of Ancient China spans thousands of years and a number of different dynasties. Certain Chinese dynasties lasted hundreds of years, while others were overthrown and replaced quickly by new leaders. Despite this, much of Chinese culture and religion was steadfast. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.2.8.D.3.e. Determine the extent to which religion, economic issues, and conflict shaped the values and decisions of the classical civilizations.
Ancient GreeceAbout 4,000 years ago, in the land that we know today as Greece, people from different cultures began to settle down and create villages. These villages made up the area called ancient Greece. Ancient Greece was the trading center of the Mediterranean. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient RomeFreeAncient Rome was a civilization that began as a small village in Italy. They eventually were in control of the Mediterranean after the rule of ancient Greece. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient Trade RoutesTrade routes created a system where merchants could safely trade with other people. Merchants created stopping points along the way where people could rest and get supplies. Trade routes were mapped so travelers knew where they were going and did not risk getting lost. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient GreeceTo define Ancient Greece (800-200 BC) is to define an area that surrounds the modern-day country of Greece and the culture that it represents. In ancient times, the city-states of Greece expanded their culture and influence to many other places. Ancient Greece is also well known for its contributions to literature, art, science and mathematics. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient RomeAncient Rome (500 BC-500 AD) is characterized by many different leaders, governments and events. The history of ancient Rome spans a number of centuries, and is divided into three main categories: the Roman Kingdom, the Roman Republic, and the Roman Empire. Ancient Rome is also known for many famous leaders. Caesar, Augustus, Constantine and Nero are just a few of the historic figures that led to the expansion of Rome. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.2.8.D.4. Expanding Exchanges and Encounters - The emergence of empires (i.e., Asia, Africa, Europe and the Americas) resulted from the promotion of interregional trade, cultural exchanges, new technologies, urbanization, and centralized political organization. The rise and spread of new belief systems unified societies, but they also became a major source of tension and conflict. While commercial and agricultural improvements created new wealth and opportunities for the empires, most people’s daily lives remained unchanged.
6.2.8.D.4.a. Analyze the role of religion and economics in shaping each empire’s social hierarchy, and evaluate the impact these hierarchical structures had on the lives of various groups of people.
Medieval EuropeThe document entitled “The Articles of Confederation” was the first governing document of the United States. The Articles of Confederation made the laws regarding how the newly united colonies handled and shared money, reacted to war, and settled disputes. Once the Articles were in use, it became clear that some additions needed to be made for effective governance. Some new Acts were added to the Articles of Confederation. The Land Ordinance of 1785 was an example of this. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.2.8.D.4.b. Analyze the causes and outcomes of the Crusades from different perspectives, including the perspectives of European political and religious leaders, the crusaders, Jews, Muslims, and traders.
Medieval EuropeThe document entitled “The Articles of Confederation” was the first governing document of the United States. The Articles of Confederation made the laws regarding how the newly united colonies handled and shared money, reacted to war, and settled disputes. Once the Articles were in use, it became clear that some additions needed to be made for effective governance. Some new Acts were added to the Articles of Confederation. The Land Ordinance of 1785 was an example of this. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.2.8.D.4.d. Determine which events led to the rise and eventual decline of European feudalism.
Types of GovernmentSome examples of different types of governments are: Aristocracy, Democracy, Dictatorship, Anarchy, Oligarchy Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Class SystemsThroughout history, groups of people have been divided into many different categories. These categories are called classes. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Medieval EuropeThe document entitled “The Articles of Confederation” was the first governing document of the United States. The Articles of Confederation made the laws regarding how the newly united colonies handled and shared money, reacted to war, and settled disputes. Once the Articles were in use, it became clear that some additions needed to be made for effective governance. Some new Acts were added to the Articles of Confederation. The Land Ordinance of 1785 was an example of this. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.2.8.D.4.f. Determine the extent to which the Byzantine Empire influenced the Islamic world and western Europe.
Medieval EuropeThe document entitled “The Articles of Confederation” was the first governing document of the United States. The Articles of Confederation made the laws regarding how the newly united colonies handled and shared money, reacted to war, and settled disputes. Once the Articles were in use, it became clear that some additions needed to be made for effective governance. Some new Acts were added to the Articles of Confederation. The Land Ordinance of 1785 was an example of this. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6.2.8.D.4.g. Evaluate the importance and enduring legacy of the major achievements of the people living Asia, Africa (Islam), Europe and the Americas over time.
Class SystemsThroughout history, groups of people have been divided into many different categories. These categories are called classes. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Medieval EuropeThe document entitled “The Articles of Confederation” was the first governing document of the United States. The Articles of Confederation made the laws regarding how the newly united colonies handled and shared money, reacted to war, and settled disputes. Once the Articles were in use, it became clear that some additions needed to be made for effective governance. Some new Acts were added to the Articles of Confederation. The Land Ordinance of 1785 was an example of this. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The AztecsThe Aztecs lived in the area that is now Mexico, and were one of the largest Mesoamerican societies. The Aztecs were a complex society with a governmental structure advanced for their time. The Aztecs were also known for their religious ceremonies and great temples that were built to honor their gods. The Aztecs believed in human sacrifice and were quite brutal in the sacrificial rites. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The MayaIn the 1st century, a group of people called the Maya rose to civilization in Central and South America. Their society was very interactive and organized around individual city states, each with their own governmental system. They created a system of writing which consisted of individual symbols to represent sounds and words. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The IncasThe Incas were a civilization that lived in South America, the largest civilization to have existed in that region up to the time of their rule. The Incan people conquered much of South America using force and warfare, but treated those they conquered quite well. The Incas lacked the use of wheeled vehicles. They lacked animals to ride and draft animals that could pull wagons. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1

NJ.SS.6.3.8. Active Citizenship in the 21st Century: All students will acquire the skills needed to be active, informed citizens who value diversity and promote cultural understanding by working collaboratively to address the challenges that are inherent in living in an interconnected world.

Active citizens in the 21st century: Recognize the causes and effects of prejudice on individuals, groups, and society; Recognize the value of cultural diversity, as well as the potential for misunderstanding; Critically analyze media to assess different viewpoints and detect bias, opinion, and stereotypes; Listen open-mindedly to views contrary to their own; Collaboratively develop and practice strategies for managing and resolving conflict; Demonstrate understanding of democratic values and processes; Recognize that the actions or inactions of individuals, groups, and nations can have intended and unintended consequences; Challenge unfair viewpoints and behaviors by taking action; Make informed and reasoned decisions; Accept decisions that are made for the common good.

6.3.8.B. Geography, People and the Environment
6.3.8.B.1. Evaluate alternative land use proposals and make recommendations to the appropriate governmental agency regarding the best course of action.
Geographic ToolsThroughout history, many different tools have been used to transfer graphical information. Graphs, charts, and maps are a few ways that we can represent ideas and places. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Environmental ChangesThe issue of global warming has been the cause of much debate in the past fifty years. Greenhouse gases, overpopulation, fossil fuel usage, and deforestation have been at the top of the list of reasons that the world’s environment is changing for the worse. Many plants and animals are becoming extinct due to these environmental changes. Industrialization and overpopulation have caused a decrease in land available for other species. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1

NJ.6-8.RH. Reading Standards for Literacy in History/Social Studies

Craft and Structure

6-8.RH.4. Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including vocabulary specific to domains related to history/social studies.
Impact of IndustrializationAfter the Industrial Revolution, many other countries followed Great Britain's example and started to create new technology. The industrial revolution led other nations to want new and easier ways to make goods. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
ArchaeologyMany people study the past to see what life was like before our time. Certain people, called archaeologists, study the past through looking at the remains of people and societies before us. There remains can be material goods, bodies, or even entire cities that were preserved in time. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Harlem RenaissanceThe Harlem Renaissance was an American movement in the 1920s and 1930s that celebrated the African-American culture through art, music, and literature. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Great MigrationWhat was the Great Migration? In the early 1900’s, many African-Americans wanted to leave the south in order to find a better life. There were not many opportunities in the south, and the African-Americans that did have jobs as sharecroppers were losing crops. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Panama CanalThe Panama Canal is located in Central America, and connects the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean (via the Caribbean Sea). It was built in the early 1900’s in order to create a shorter route for trade. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Class SystemsThroughout history, groups of people have been divided into many different categories. These categories are called classes. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Great DepressionIn 1929, investors began to sell off their stock, which caused the stock market to crash. People were not paid back their investments and lost money. Businesses and factories closed down because no one could afford to buy the products. Many workers lost their jobs. This was the beginning of the Great Depression. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Tennessee Valley Authority Act (TVA)After the Great Depression, some states needed help to modernize their economies. The TVA, or Tennessee Valley Authority, set out to help the area around the Tennessee River. As a part of Roosevelt’s New Deal, the TVA helped people get electricity and learn new, improved ways of farming. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
World War IIn the late 1800’s, Europeans were feeling a strong sense of nationalism . Many countries were competing with one another and as tension between the nations grew, they started to build strong armies to prepare for war. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Laws of Supply & DemandThe term supply refers to the amount of goods that are available for sale. The term demand refers to how many people want the good or service that is for sale. The price of a good has an effect on how many people want to buy it. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient GreeceAbout 4,000 years ago, in the land that we know today as Greece, people from different cultures began to settle down and create villages. These villages made up the area called ancient Greece. Ancient Greece was the trading center of the Mediterranean. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient RomeFreeAncient Rome was a civilization that began as a small village in Italy. They eventually were in control of the Mediterranean after the rule of ancient Greece. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Industrial RevolutionThe Industrial Revolution started in Great Britain with the invention of new farming technology. In the mid 1700’s, farmers began to come up with new ideas and technology to make farming more efficient. These ideas made farming much easier and less people were needed to work the land. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
World War IIn the mid 1900’s, Hitler and the Nazi party in Germany were trying to gain control of many European nations. They used military force and Hitler’s leadership to gain support of the German people, and succeeded in taking power from other countries. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient EgyptFreeAncient Egypt was located on the fertile area surrounding the Nile River. The people of ancient Egypt used the land and river to set up villages. Ancient Egypt was ruled by many different Kings, or Pharaohs, who passed down their throne to members of their families. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient Trade RoutesTrade routes created a system where merchants could safely trade with other people. Merchants created stopping points along the way where people could rest and get supplies. Trade routes were mapped so travelers knew where they were going and did not risk getting lost. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Spanish American WarThe United States was worried about the way the Cuban people were being treated by Spain. The United States fought Spain in Cuba for a short period of time. When the Spanish American War ended, Cuba was independent from Spain and the Spanish empire had lost a great deal of power. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Market EconomyWhat is a Market Economy? An economic system is the way a country makes and sells goods. In some countries, the government is in charge of what people buy and sell. In a market economy, people choose what goods and services they want to buy. They also choose where they want to work and what they want to do. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Medieval EuropeThe document entitled “The Articles of Confederation” was the first governing document of the United States. The Articles of Confederation made the laws regarding how the newly united colonies handled and shared money, reacted to war, and settled disputes. Once the Articles were in use, it became clear that some additions needed to be made for effective governance. Some new Acts were added to the Articles of Confederation. The Land Ordinance of 1785 was an example of this. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The Renaissance in EuropeWhat do you know about the Renaissance in Europe? The European Renaissance was a time of social, scientific, artistic, and religious rebirth. From 1463 to 1650, inventors, artists, philosophers, and scientists created and brought to light new ideas and perspectives that changed the shape of society and daily life. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The Protestant ReformationAfter the Renaissance, there was a change in thought throughout Europe. The Catholic Church was having financial problems and its role with several Kings and governments had changed; it was claimed that the Church had too much influence, and that clergy members were receiving indulgences or gifts in exchange for important Church Sacraments, such as forgiveness of sins. One man, Martin Luther, challenged the Church and their actions. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The Scientific RevolutionFreeThe Scientific Revolution changed the way that many people saw the world. The work of scientists and philosophers revolutionized the beliefs that had been accepted for hundreds, sometimes thousands, of years. Some notable leaders of the Scientific Revolution are Isaac Newton, Galileo, Nicholas Copernicus, and Andreas Vesalius among others. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
European Exploration and SettlementEuropean exploration in North America began with Christopher Columbus’ discovery of what he thought was Asia. Since that time, there have many attempts by Europeans to settle in America, some successful, others not. There are many reasons why Europeans settled outside of Europe. Political, social, and economic forces encouraged the exploration of the New World, and money was almost always a motivating factor in the settlement of new colonies. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The AztecsThe Aztecs lived in the area that is now Mexico, and were one of the largest Mesoamerican societies. The Aztecs were a complex society with a governmental structure advanced for their time. The Aztecs were also known for their religious ceremonies and great temples that were built to honor their gods. The Aztecs believed in human sacrifice and were quite brutal in the sacrificial rites. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The MayaIn the 1st century, a group of people called the Maya rose to civilization in Central and South America. Their society was very interactive and organized around individual city states, each with their own governmental system. They created a system of writing which consisted of individual symbols to represent sounds and words. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The IncasThe Incas were a civilization that lived in South America, the largest civilization to have existed in that region up to the time of their rule. The Incan people conquered much of South America using force and warfare, but treated those they conquered quite well. The Incas lacked the use of wheeled vehicles. They lacked animals to ride and draft animals that could pull wagons. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Colonial SettlementEurope was a leader in the settlement of colonies in America. Although their attempts were not always successful, by the turn of the 17th century they had a pretty firm start in the New World. Jamestown, the first successful settlement, was founded in 1607 by a stock company searching for gold. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Colonial LifeLife in the new colonies was often challenging. While the settlers were free from the restrictions of life in European society, they also did not have the amenities of European life in the 1600s. Many families in the colonies worked on a small farm. The roles of society in colonial America were clearly defined. Men were the decision-makers, and women were in a supporting role. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The American RevolutionIn the second half of the 18th century, the colonies began to seek independence from Great Britain. One of the main causes of the Revolutionary War was the colonist’s reaction to the taxes being placed on the necessary goods and activities of the colonies. The Revolutionary War began in 1775, when colonial militias began to fight against the British army. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The Articles of ConfederationThe Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union was an agreement among the 13 original states of the United States of America that served as its first constitution. The Articles of Confederation made the laws regarding how the newly united colonies handles and shared money, reacted to war, and settled disputes. Once the Articles were in use, it became clear that some additions needed to be made for effective governance. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The United States ConstitutionThe United States Constitution is a document created by a group of delegates to the Constitutional Convention after the United States declared its independence from Great Britain. The need for a governing document other than the Articles of Confederation was growing clear to the Constitutional Congress, and so they came together to devise a new document. The Constitution is the absolute law in the United States and has been that way since 1789. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The New Government in OperationAfter the signing of the Constitution, the leaders and citizens of the United States had many goals and aspirations for the growth of the nation. One type of growth was the interest in expanding the existing boundaries of the new country. The first of these initiatives was the Louisiana Purchase, under President Thomas Jefferson. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The AlamoThe Alamo was a fort in Texas that became the defining point of a conflict between Texan-Americans and the Republic of Mexico. The Texans were part of Mexico but wanted to be part of the United States. A major battle in this conflict happened at the Alamo on March 6, 1836. Today it is a museum in the Alamo Plaza Historic District. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The Nation Grows and ExpandsAround the turn of the 19th century, many changes were occurring in the United States. The industrialization of what had previously been rural and agricultural land led to a different lifestyle for many people. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The Erie CanalDuring the 18th and 19th century, there was a need for more advanced ways of trade and travel in the United States. One method of travel, by waterway, had proved successful in other parts of the world. The Erie Canal was America’s answer to the need for transportation across New York. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The Jackson AgeAndrew Jackson was an influential leader in the 19th century, known for many reforms to the American government and society during his presidency. President Jackson is credited for the founding of the Democratic Party. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Moving Southward and WestwardManifest Destiny was the idea that the United States was destined to expand from the Atlantic to the Pacific. This motivated the government to acquire lands in the Oregon Territory as well as in areas that became Texas, Florida, and California. Many people started to move west in hope of a better life. The California Gold Rush triggered a large movement of people to California. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The Abolitionist MovementThe Abolitionist Movement started with the denunciation of slavery by the Quakers of Pennsylvania, a religion community of believers in equality and peace. After their public resistance to slavery, many other groups of people joined their fight for the abolition of slavery. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Women's RightsIn 1848, leaders of what became the Women’s Rights Movement invited Americans to attend the Seneca Falls Convention to discuss the need for women to have the rights of suffrage (voting), education, and others. They devised a document, modeled after the Declaration of Independence, of resolutions promoting women’s civil rights. The “Declaration of Sentiments” was written by Elizabeth Cady Stanton. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Causes of the Civil WarFreeIn the 1800's, America was expanding and gaining new territories. The issue of slavery was everywhere and there was much conflict over whether or not the new territories should be slave states or not. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The Civil WarAfter Lincoln was elected in 1860, southern states seceded from the Union in an effort to uphold their stance on slavery. During the war, the Confederacy continued to own slaves and support slavery. After many devastating battles and thousands of casualties, the Civil War ended but many problems that existed before the commencement of battle still existed. However, slaves were officially free and the economies of the North and South were in a new era of growth. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Reconstruction after the Civil WarThe years after the Civil War were dedicated to trying to resolve the problems that were not only the cause of the war but were aggravated by four years of fighting between the Union and the Confederacy. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Industrial GrowthAfter the Civil War and Reconstruction, the United States began to see a rise in industry and the growth of businesses. The Transcontinental Railroad, the first railroad to span the United States from Atlantic to Pacific, opened up the opportunity for social and economical growth towards the West. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Progressive EraOne of the biggest reform goals was the process in which government officials were elected. This, along with the need for government involvement in reform, were two of the motivating factors for people such as Eugene Debs, Susan B. Anthony and W.E.B. DuBois to become leaders during the Progressive Era. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
ExpansionismOver the past two centuries, the Unites States has sought to expand its territories both in North America and other parts of the world. While one of the biggest reasons for this is to continue economic growth, during the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th, America found itself in a position to demonstrate its strength by intervening in other countries. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
World War IDuring the first half of the 20th century, European countries were struggling for control over land and sea. Many countries wanted to establish new colonies in newly discovered territory, which led to power struggles across Europe. Technological advancements also attributed to the beginning of World War I. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The Roaring TwentiesThe 1920’s were a time of social, economical, and political change in the United States. After World War I, the economy changed drastically. Men and women began to raise their standards of living, spending money on new technologies that they put on credit. Cars began to become a huge influence on society, and soon millions of people owned Ford’s invention. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The Great DepressionIn the last years of the decade commonly referred to as the Roaring Twenties, the United States saw a great gap between the rich and the poor citizens. Businesses and corporations were booming and productivity rose. However, increased production and decreased consumption took its toll and eventually the American people saw a drastic fall in the stock market. The stock market crash virtually ruined the American economy of the time and the greater part of the next decade was spent trying to reverse the damage. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
World War IIAfter World War I and the Great Depression, many countries all over the world were trying to come back from an economic recession. Adolf Hitler, the leader of a party developed a philosophy for Germany and ignore the Treaty of Versailles. Soon, Germany was at war with many European countries and so began the reign of the Nazi Party. Germany soon invaded Poland and World War II was set in motion. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The Cold WarDuring and after World War II, tension between the United States and the USSR grew. Stalin was disappointed in many of the United States' decisions regarding post-war aid and nuclear research. As a result of this, the Soviet Union had little trust in the United states and President Truman. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Civil RightsThe American Civil Rights Movement developed as many worked to ensure equality and civil rights for many groups, mainly African Americans. Despite being citizens in theory, many black citizens were not granted the same constitutional rights as other American citizens. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The Vietnam WarThe Vietnam War was a war fought over decades in the mid to late 20th century. It is considered to be connected to the Cold War, and many of the causes of the conflict have roots imbedded in the fear of the spread of Communism that was at the front of the Cold War. Ho Chi Minh, the leader of North Vietnam, wanted independence for Vietnam and a Communist-run government. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The New MillenniumGlobal conflicts have increased over time and the United States has seen the effects of this in the new millennium. On September 11th, 2001 the World Trade Center and the Pentagon were targets of terrorist attacks. As a result of this, the United States declared a “War on Terror” and has since seen the loss of many American lives. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
MesopotamiaThe area that is called Mesopotamia is an ancient region of land located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers that saw the rise of many civilizations. Because of the relationship to the two rivers, these civilizations, like many modern-day cities, thrived culturally. The Sumerians are credited with the creation of the first system of writing, irrigation, an advanced knowledge of mathematics, and the twelve month calendar. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
EgyptAncient Egypt refers to the people and area surrounding the Nile River in Africa. This period of history called Ancient Egypt extends beyond the 3000 BC-1200 BC era. During this time period, Ancient Egypt saw the rise of the Early Dynastic Period to the fall of the New Kingdom. Many things happened during those times, such as the creation of the pyramids, the creation of paper, and the growth of a writing system called hieroglyphics. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient IsraelThe history of Ancient Israel is documented in one of the world’s most widely read books: the Bible. This history is told through the lives of famous biblical characters as well as remains and inscriptions found in the Middle East. Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, the three founding patriarchs of Israel, settled in Canaan almost four thousand years ago. The people of Canaan were divided into tribes and were ruled by judges. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
PhoeniciaPhoenicia (1000-300 BC) was an ancient civilization in Asia that was made up of a number of city-states. The most prominent city-state in Phoenicia was Carthage, a city that is still a part of Asia. The Phoenicians were a polytheistic culture and celebrated many gods and goddesses. Phoenicia was well known for the extensive trading network they established during their rise as a civilization. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient GreeceTo define Ancient Greece (800-200 BC) is to define an area that surrounds the modern-day country of Greece and the culture that it represents. In ancient times, the city-states of Greece expanded their culture and influence to many other places. Ancient Greece is also well known for its contributions to literature, art, science and mathematics. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient RomeAncient Rome (500 BC-500 AD) is characterized by many different leaders, governments and events. The history of ancient Rome spans a number of centuries, and is divided into three main categories: the Roman Kingdom, the Roman Republic, and the Roman Empire. Ancient Rome is also known for many famous leaders. Caesar, Augustus, Constantine and Nero are just a few of the historic figures that led to the expansion of Rome. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient ChinaFreeThe history of Ancient China spans thousands of years and a number of different dynasties. Certain Chinese dynasties lasted hundreds of years, while others were overthrown and replaced quickly by new leaders. Despite this, much of Chinese culture and religion was steadfast. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
MexicoMexico is a country located in North America; it neighbors the United States to the South and shares a border that spans from California to Texas. While parts of Mexico are home to snow covered mountains, the country is also known for its beautiful beaches and lush rainforests. After the Spanish exploration of the Americas, Mexico was under Spanish rule until they declared independence in the 19th century. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
CanadaCanada has a rich history of being home to many aboriginal peoples, including Indian tribes and the Inuit. When European explorers began to reach Canada, they found a land rich in resources and began to settle in this area of North America. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Central AmericaCentral America is the small isthmus that separates the Pacific Ocean and Caribbean Sea, and connects North America and South America. It is made up of these seven countries: Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Costa Rica. Central America is considered a Mesoamerican civilization. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
South AmericaSouth America includes twelve sovereign states: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela, and French Guiana (a part of France). In addition, the ABC islands of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the Falkland Islands, (a British Overseas Territory), Trinidad and Tobago, and Panama may also be considered part of South America. Read more...iWorksheets :3
EconomicsThe functions of an economy depend largely on the goods and services that are created by the producers. In any economy, the consumers are the people who buy or exchange money or goods, and without the demand or need for goods the economy would be unsuccessful. The difference in the cost of retail sale and the cost of production is the meaning of profit for a business, and is also the goal of producers and businesses. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
6-8.RH.5. Describe how a text presents information (e.g., sequentially, comparatively, causally).
Impact of IndustrializationAfter the Industrial Revolution, many other countries followed Great Britain's example and started to create new technology. The industrial revolution led other nations to want new and easier ways to make goods. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
ArchaeologyMany people study the past to see what life was like before our time. Certain people, called archaeologists, study the past through looking at the remains of people and societies before us. There remains can be material goods, bodies, or even entire cities that were preserved in time. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Harlem RenaissanceThe Harlem Renaissance was an American movement in the 1920s and 1930s that celebrated the African-American culture through art, music, and literature. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Types of GovernmentSome examples of different types of governments are: Aristocracy, Democracy, Dictatorship, Anarchy, Oligarchy Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
UrbanizationWhat is Urbanization? When the population of a city grows quickly, it is because a large number of people move to a city in a short amount of time. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Famous TreatiesA treaty is an agreement made between two nations. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Great MigrationWhat was the Great Migration? In the early 1900’s, many African-Americans wanted to leave the south in order to find a better life. There were not many opportunities in the south, and the African-Americans that did have jobs as sharecroppers were losing crops. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Panama CanalThe Panama Canal is located in Central America, and connects the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean (via the Caribbean Sea). It was built in the early 1900’s in order to create a shorter route for trade. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
HolocaustThe Holocaust took place during World War II. The Holocaust is what we call the mass killing of these people. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Class SystemsThroughout history, groups of people have been divided into many different categories. These categories are called classes. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Great DepressionIn 1929, investors began to sell off their stock, which caused the stock market to crash. People were not paid back their investments and lost money. Businesses and factories closed down because no one could afford to buy the products. Many workers lost their jobs. This was the beginning of the Great Depression. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Tennessee Valley Authority Act (TVA)After the Great Depression, some states needed help to modernize their economies. The TVA, or Tennessee Valley Authority, set out to help the area around the Tennessee River. As a part of Roosevelt’s New Deal, the TVA helped people get electricity and learn new, improved ways of farming. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
InventorsAn inventor is someone who discovers a new way of doing things. This can be in the form of a product or an idea. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
World War IIn the late 1800’s, Europeans were feeling a strong sense of nationalism . Many countries were competing with one another and as tension between the nations grew, they started to build strong armies to prepare for war. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Laws of Supply & DemandThe term supply refers to the amount of goods that are available for sale. The term demand refers to how many people want the good or service that is for sale. The price of a good has an effect on how many people want to buy it. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient GreeceAbout 4,000 years ago, in the land that we know today as Greece, people from different cultures began to settle down and create villages. These villages made up the area called ancient Greece. Ancient Greece was the trading center of the Mediterranean. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient RomeFreeAncient Rome was a civilization that began as a small village in Italy. They eventually were in control of the Mediterranean after the rule of ancient Greece. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Industrial RevolutionThe Industrial Revolution started in Great Britain with the invention of new farming technology. In the mid 1700’s, farmers began to come up with new ideas and technology to make farming more efficient. These ideas made farming much easier and less people were needed to work the land. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
World War IIn the mid 1900’s, Hitler and the Nazi party in Germany were trying to gain control of many European nations. They used military force and Hitler’s leadership to gain support of the German people, and succeeded in taking power from other countries. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient EgyptFreeAncient Egypt was located on the fertile area surrounding the Nile River. The people of ancient Egypt used the land and river to set up villages. Ancient Egypt was ruled by many different Kings, or Pharaohs, who passed down their throne to members of their families. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient Trade RoutesTrade routes created a system where merchants could safely trade with other people. Merchants created stopping points along the way where people could rest and get supplies. Trade routes were mapped so travelers knew where they were going and did not risk getting lost. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Resources & EnergyEnergy powers almost everything that we use. Many people use different resources to heat their homes, turn on their televisions, and drive their cars. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Spanish American WarThe United States was worried about the way the Cuban people were being treated by Spain. The United States fought Spain in Cuba for a short period of time. When the Spanish American War ended, Cuba was independent from Spain and the Spanish empire had lost a great deal of power. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Market EconomyWhat is a Market Economy? An economic system is the way a country makes and sells goods. In some countries, the government is in charge of what people buy and sell. In a market economy, people choose what goods and services they want to buy. They also choose where they want to work and what they want to do. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Progressive MovementWhat is the Progressive Movement? During the Progressive movement, citizens found out how poorly people were being treated and tried to change this. Progressives asked for help from the government and they agreed. Amendments were passed to help citizens. Women’s Suffrage and Prohibition were two of these amendments. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Geographic Map TermsThere are many geographical settings that make up the earth’s surface. Many of these characteristics can be seen on maps as well as from satellites because of their size. Many land formations are a result of weather and time, and often they can co-exist with one another. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Geographic ToolsThroughout history, many different tools have been used to transfer graphical information. Graphs, charts, and maps are a few ways that we can represent ideas and places. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Medieval EuropeThe document entitled “The Articles of Confederation” was the first governing document of the United States. The Articles of Confederation made the laws regarding how the newly united colonies handled and shared money, reacted to war, and settled disputes. Once the Articles were in use, it became clear that some additions needed to be made for effective governance. Some new Acts were added to the Articles of Confederation. The Land Ordinance of 1785 was an example of this. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The Renaissance in EuropeWhat do you know about the Renaissance in Europe? The European Renaissance was a time of social, scientific, artistic, and religious rebirth. From 1463 to 1650, inventors, artists, philosophers, and scientists created and brought to light new ideas and perspectives that changed the shape of society and daily life. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The Protestant ReformationAfter the Renaissance, there was a change in thought throughout Europe. The Catholic Church was having financial problems and its role with several Kings and governments had changed; it was claimed that the Church had too much influence, and that clergy members were receiving indulgences or gifts in exchange for important Church Sacraments, such as forgiveness of sins. One man, Martin Luther, challenged the Church and their actions. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The Scientific RevolutionFreeThe Scientific Revolution changed the way that many people saw the world. The work of scientists and philosophers revolutionized the beliefs that had been accepted for hundreds, sometimes thousands, of years. Some notable leaders of the Scientific Revolution are Isaac Newton, Galileo, Nicholas Copernicus, and Andreas Vesalius among others. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
European Exploration and SettlementEuropean exploration in North America began with Christopher Columbus’ discovery of what he thought was Asia. Since that time, there have many attempts by Europeans to settle in America, some successful, others not. There are many reasons why Europeans settled outside of Europe. Political, social, and economic forces encouraged the exploration of the New World, and money was almost always a motivating factor in the settlement of new colonies. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The AztecsThe Aztecs lived in the area that is now Mexico, and were one of the largest Mesoamerican societies. The Aztecs were a complex society with a governmental structure advanced for their time. The Aztecs were also known for their religious ceremonies and great temples that were built to honor their gods. The Aztecs believed in human sacrifice and were quite brutal in the sacrificial rites. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The MayaIn the 1st century, a group of people called the Maya rose to civilization in Central and South America. Their society was very interactive and organized around individual city states, each with their own governmental system. They created a system of writing which consisted of individual symbols to represent sounds and words. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The IncasThe Incas were a civilization that lived in South America, the largest civilization to have existed in that region up to the time of their rule. The Incan people conquered much of South America using force and warfare, but treated those they conquered quite well. The Incas lacked the use of wheeled vehicles. They lacked animals to ride and draft animals that could pull wagons. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Colonial SettlementEurope was a leader in the settlement of colonies in America. Although their attempts were not always successful, by the turn of the 17th century they had a pretty firm start in the New World. Jamestown, the first successful settlement, was founded in 1607 by a stock company searching for gold. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Colonial LifeLife in the new colonies was often challenging. While the settlers were free from the restrictions of life in European society, they also did not have the amenities of European life in the 1600s. Many families in the colonies worked on a small farm. The roles of society in colonial America were clearly defined. Men were the decision-makers, and women were in a supporting role. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The American RevolutionIn the second half of the 18th century, the colonies began to seek independence from Great Britain. One of the main causes of the Revolutionary War was the colonist’s reaction to the taxes being placed on the necessary goods and activities of the colonies. The Revolutionary War began in 1775, when colonial militias began to fight against the British army. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The Articles of ConfederationThe Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union was an agreement among the 13 original states of the United States of America that served as its first constitution. The Articles of Confederation made the laws regarding how the newly united colonies handles and shared money, reacted to war, and settled disputes. Once the Articles were in use, it became clear that some additions needed to be made for effective governance. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The United States ConstitutionThe United States Constitution is a document created by a group of delegates to the Constitutional Convention after the United States declared its independence from Great Britain. The need for a governing document other than the Articles of Confederation was growing clear to the Constitutional Congress, and so they came together to devise a new document. The Constitution is the absolute law in the United States and has been that way since 1789. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The New Government in OperationAfter the signing of the Constitution, the leaders and citizens of the United States had many goals and aspirations for the growth of the nation. One type of growth was the interest in expanding the existing boundaries of the new country. The first of these initiatives was the Louisiana Purchase, under President Thomas Jefferson. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The AlamoThe Alamo was a fort in Texas that became the defining point of a conflict between Texan-Americans and the Republic of Mexico. The Texans were part of Mexico but wanted to be part of the United States. A major battle in this conflict happened at the Alamo on March 6, 1836. Today it is a museum in the Alamo Plaza Historic District. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The Nation Grows and ExpandsAround the turn of the 19th century, many changes were occurring in the United States. The industrialization of what had previously been rural and agricultural land led to a different lifestyle for many people. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The Erie CanalDuring the 18th and 19th century, there was a need for more advanced ways of trade and travel in the United States. One method of travel, by waterway, had proved successful in other parts of the world. The Erie Canal was America’s answer to the need for transportation across New York. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The Jackson AgeAndrew Jackson was an influential leader in the 19th century, known for many reforms to the American government and society during his presidency. President Jackson is credited for the founding of the Democratic Party. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Moving Southward and WestwardManifest Destiny was the idea that the United States was destined to expand from the Atlantic to the Pacific. This motivated the government to acquire lands in the Oregon Territory as well as in areas that became Texas, Florida, and California. Many people started to move west in hope of a better life. The California Gold Rush triggered a large movement of people to California. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The Abolitionist MovementThe Abolitionist Movement started with the denunciation of slavery by the Quakers of Pennsylvania, a religion community of believers in equality and peace. After their public resistance to slavery, many other groups of people joined their fight for the abolition of slavery. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Women's RightsIn 1848, leaders of what became the Women’s Rights Movement invited Americans to attend the Seneca Falls Convention to discuss the need for women to have the rights of suffrage (voting), education, and others. They devised a document, modeled after the Declaration of Independence, of resolutions promoting women’s civil rights. The “Declaration of Sentiments” was written by Elizabeth Cady Stanton. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Causes of the Civil WarFreeIn the 1800's, America was expanding and gaining new territories. The issue of slavery was everywhere and there was much conflict over whether or not the new territories should be slave states or not. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The Civil WarAfter Lincoln was elected in 1860, southern states seceded from the Union in an effort to uphold their stance on slavery. During the war, the Confederacy continued to own slaves and support slavery. After many devastating battles and thousands of casualties, the Civil War ended but many problems that existed before the commencement of battle still existed. However, slaves were officially free and the economies of the North and South were in a new era of growth. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Reconstruction after the Civil WarThe years after the Civil War were dedicated to trying to resolve the problems that were not only the cause of the war but were aggravated by four years of fighting between the Union and the Confederacy. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Industrial GrowthAfter the Civil War and Reconstruction, the United States began to see a rise in industry and the growth of businesses. The Transcontinental Railroad, the first railroad to span the United States from Atlantic to Pacific, opened up the opportunity for social and economical growth towards the West. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Progressive EraOne of the biggest reform goals was the process in which government officials were elected. This, along with the need for government involvement in reform, were two of the motivating factors for people such as Eugene Debs, Susan B. Anthony and W.E.B. DuBois to become leaders during the Progressive Era. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
ExpansionismOver the past two centuries, the Unites States has sought to expand its territories both in North America and other parts of the world. While one of the biggest reasons for this is to continue economic growth, during the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th, America found itself in a position to demonstrate its strength by intervening in other countries. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
World War IDuring the first half of the 20th century, European countries were struggling for control over land and sea. Many countries wanted to establish new colonies in newly discovered territory, which led to power struggles across Europe. Technological advancements also attributed to the beginning of World War I. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The Roaring TwentiesThe 1920’s were a time of social, economical, and political change in the United States. After World War I, the economy changed drastically. Men and women began to raise their standards of living, spending money on new technologies that they put on credit. Cars began to become a huge influence on society, and soon millions of people owned Ford’s invention. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The Great DepressionIn the last years of the decade commonly referred to as the Roaring Twenties, the United States saw a great gap between the rich and the poor citizens. Businesses and corporations were booming and productivity rose. However, increased production and decreased consumption took its toll and eventually the American people saw a drastic fall in the stock market. The stock market crash virtually ruined the American economy of the time and the greater part of the next decade was spent trying to reverse the damage. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
World War IIAfter World War I and the Great Depression, many countries all over the world were trying to come back from an economic recession. Adolf Hitler, the leader of a party developed a philosophy for Germany and ignore the Treaty of Versailles. Soon, Germany was at war with many European countries and so began the reign of the Nazi Party. Germany soon invaded Poland and World War II was set in motion. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The Cold WarDuring and after World War II, tension between the United States and the USSR grew. Stalin was disappointed in many of the United States' decisions regarding post-war aid and nuclear research. As a result of this, the Soviet Union had little trust in the United states and President Truman. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Civil RightsThe American Civil Rights Movement developed as many worked to ensure equality and civil rights for many groups, mainly African Americans. Despite being citizens in theory, many black citizens were not granted the same constitutional rights as other American citizens. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The Vietnam WarThe Vietnam War was a war fought over decades in the mid to late 20th century. It is considered to be connected to the Cold War, and many of the causes of the conflict have roots imbedded in the fear of the spread of Communism that was at the front of the Cold War. Ho Chi Minh, the leader of North Vietnam, wanted independence for Vietnam and a Communist-run government. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The New MillenniumGlobal conflicts have increased over time and the United States has seen the effects of this in the new millennium. On September 11th, 2001 the World Trade Center and the Pentagon were targets of terrorist attacks. As a result of this, the United States declared a “War on Terror” and has since seen the loss of many American lives. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
MesopotamiaThe area that is called Mesopotamia is an ancient region of land located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers that saw the rise of many civilizations. Because of the relationship to the two rivers, these civilizations, like many modern-day cities, thrived culturally. The Sumerians are credited with the creation of the first system of writing, irrigation, an advanced knowledge of mathematics, and the twelve month calendar. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
EgyptAncient Egypt refers to the people and area surrounding the Nile River in Africa. This period of history called Ancient Egypt extends beyond the 3000 BC-1200 BC era. During this time period, Ancient Egypt saw the rise of the Early Dynastic Period to the fall of the New Kingdom. Many things happened during those times, such as the creation of the pyramids, the creation of paper, and the growth of a writing system called hieroglyphics. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient IsraelThe history of Ancient Israel is documented in one of the world’s most widely read books: the Bible. This history is told through the lives of famous biblical characters as well as remains and inscriptions found in the Middle East. Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, the three founding patriarchs of Israel, settled in Canaan almost four thousand years ago. The people of Canaan were divided into tribes and were ruled by judges. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
PhoeniciaPhoenicia (1000-300 BC) was an ancient civilization in Asia that was made up of a number of city-states. The most prominent city-state in Phoenicia was Carthage, a city that is still a part of Asia. The Phoenicians were a polytheistic culture and celebrated many gods and goddesses. Phoenicia was well known for the extensive trading network they established during their rise as a civilization. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient GreeceTo define Ancient Greece (800-200 BC) is to define an area that surrounds the modern-day country of Greece and the culture that it represents. In ancient times, the city-states of Greece expanded their culture and influence to many other places. Ancient Greece is also well known for its contributions to literature, art, science and mathematics. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient RomeAncient Rome (500 BC-500 AD) is characterized by many different leaders, governments and events. The history of ancient Rome spans a number of centuries, and is divided into three main categories: the Roman Kingdom, the Roman Republic, and the Roman Empire. Ancient Rome is also known for many famous leaders. Caesar, Augustus, Constantine and Nero are just a few of the historic figures that led to the expansion of Rome. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient ChinaFreeThe history of Ancient China spans thousands of years and a number of different dynasties. Certain Chinese dynasties lasted hundreds of years, while others were overthrown and replaced quickly by new leaders. Despite this, much of Chinese culture and religion was steadfast. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
MexicoMexico is a country located in North America; it neighbors the United States to the South and shares a border that spans from California to Texas. While parts of Mexico are home to snow covered mountains, the country is also known for its beautiful beaches and lush rainforests. After the Spanish exploration of the Americas, Mexico was under Spanish rule until they declared independence in the 19th century. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
CanadaCanada has a rich history of being home to many aboriginal peoples, including Indian tribes and the Inuit. When European explorers began to reach Canada, they found a land rich in resources and began to settle in this area of North America. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Central AmericaCentral America is the small isthmus that separates the Pacific Ocean and Caribbean Sea, and connects North America and South America. It is made up of these seven countries: Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Costa Rica. Central America is considered a Mesoamerican civilization. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
South AmericaSouth America includes twelve sovereign states: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela, and French Guiana (a part of France). In addition, the ABC islands of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the Falkland Islands, (a British Overseas Territory), Trinidad and Tobago, and Panama may also be considered part of South America. Read more...iWorksheets :3
EconomicsThe functions of an economy depend largely on the goods and services that are created by the producers. In any economy, the consumers are the people who buy or exchange money or goods, and without the demand or need for goods the economy would be unsuccessful. The difference in the cost of retail sale and the cost of production is the meaning of profit for a business, and is also the goal of producers and businesses. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Environmental ChangesThe issue of global warming has been the cause of much debate in the past fifty years. Greenhouse gases, overpopulation, fossil fuel usage, and deforestation have been at the top of the list of reasons that the world’s environment is changing for the worse. Many plants and animals are becoming extinct due to these environmental changes. Industrialization and overpopulation have caused a decrease in land available for other species. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1

Range of Reading and Level of Text Complexity

6-8.RH.10. By the end of grade 8, read and comprehend history/social studies texts in the grades 6-8 text complexity band independently and proficiently.
Impact of IndustrializationAfter the Industrial Revolution, many other countries followed Great Britain's example and started to create new technology. The industrial revolution led other nations to want new and easier ways to make goods. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
ArchaeologyMany people study the past to see what life was like before our time. Certain people, called archaeologists, study the past through looking at the remains of people and societies before us. There remains can be material goods, bodies, or even entire cities that were preserved in time. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Harlem RenaissanceThe Harlem Renaissance was an American movement in the 1920s and 1930s that celebrated the African-American culture through art, music, and literature. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Types of GovernmentSome examples of different types of governments are: Aristocracy, Democracy, Dictatorship, Anarchy, Oligarchy Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
UrbanizationWhat is Urbanization? When the population of a city grows quickly, it is because a large number of people move to a city in a short amount of time. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Famous TreatiesA treaty is an agreement made between two nations. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Great MigrationWhat was the Great Migration? In the early 1900’s, many African-Americans wanted to leave the south in order to find a better life. There were not many opportunities in the south, and the African-Americans that did have jobs as sharecroppers were losing crops. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Panama CanalThe Panama Canal is located in Central America, and connects the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean (via the Caribbean Sea). It was built in the early 1900’s in order to create a shorter route for trade. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
HolocaustThe Holocaust took place during World War II. The Holocaust is what we call the mass killing of these people. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Class SystemsThroughout history, groups of people have been divided into many different categories. These categories are called classes. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Great DepressionIn 1929, investors began to sell off their stock, which caused the stock market to crash. People were not paid back their investments and lost money. Businesses and factories closed down because no one could afford to buy the products. Many workers lost their jobs. This was the beginning of the Great Depression. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Tennessee Valley Authority Act (TVA)After the Great Depression, some states needed help to modernize their economies. The TVA, or Tennessee Valley Authority, set out to help the area around the Tennessee River. As a part of Roosevelt’s New Deal, the TVA helped people get electricity and learn new, improved ways of farming. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
InventorsAn inventor is someone who discovers a new way of doing things. This can be in the form of a product or an idea. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
World War IIn the late 1800’s, Europeans were feeling a strong sense of nationalism . Many countries were competing with one another and as tension between the nations grew, they started to build strong armies to prepare for war. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Laws of Supply & DemandThe term supply refers to the amount of goods that are available for sale. The term demand refers to how many people want the good or service that is for sale. The price of a good has an effect on how many people want to buy it. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient GreeceAbout 4,000 years ago, in the land that we know today as Greece, people from different cultures began to settle down and create villages. These villages made up the area called ancient Greece. Ancient Greece was the trading center of the Mediterranean. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient RomeFreeAncient Rome was a civilization that began as a small village in Italy. They eventually were in control of the Mediterranean after the rule of ancient Greece. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Industrial RevolutionThe Industrial Revolution started in Great Britain with the invention of new farming technology. In the mid 1700’s, farmers began to come up with new ideas and technology to make farming more efficient. These ideas made farming much easier and less people were needed to work the land. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
World War IIn the mid 1900’s, Hitler and the Nazi party in Germany were trying to gain control of many European nations. They used military force and Hitler’s leadership to gain support of the German people, and succeeded in taking power from other countries. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient EgyptFreeAncient Egypt was located on the fertile area surrounding the Nile River. The people of ancient Egypt used the land and river to set up villages. Ancient Egypt was ruled by many different Kings, or Pharaohs, who passed down their throne to members of their families. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Ancient Trade RoutesTrade routes created a system where merchants could safely trade with other people. Merchants created stopping points along the way where people could rest and get supplies. Trade routes were mapped so travelers knew where they were going and did not risk getting lost. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Resources & EnergyEnergy powers almost everything that we use. Many people use different resources to heat their homes, turn on their televisions, and drive their cars. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Spanish American WarThe United States was worried about the way the Cuban people were being treated by Spain. The United States fought Spain in Cuba for a short period of time. When the Spanish American War ended, Cuba was independent from Spain and the Spanish empire had lost a great deal of power. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Market EconomyWhat is a Market Economy? An economic system is the way a country makes and sells goods. In some countries, the government is in charge of what people buy and sell. In a market economy, people choose what goods and services they want to buy. They also choose where they want to work and what they want to do. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Progressive MovementWhat is the Progressive Movement? During the Progressive movement, citizens found out how poorly people were being treated and tried to change this. Progressives asked for help from the government and they agreed. Amendments were passed to help citizens. Women’s Suffrage and Prohibition were two of these amendments. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Geographic Map TermsThere are many geographical settings that make up the earth’s surface. Many of these characteristics can be seen on maps as well as from satellites because of their size. Many land formations are a result of weather and time, and often they can co-exist with one another. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Geographic ToolsThroughout history, many different tools have been used to transfer graphical information. Graphs, charts, and maps are a few ways that we can represent ideas and places. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Medieval EuropeThe document entitled “The Articles of Confederation” was the first governing document of the United States. The Articles of Confederation made the laws regarding how the newly united colonies handled and shared money, reacted to war, and settled disputes. Once the Articles were in use, it became clear that some additions needed to be made for effective governance. Some new Acts were added to the Articles of Confederation. The Land Ordinance of 1785 was an example of this. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The Renaissance in EuropeWhat do you know about the Renaissance in Europe? The European Renaissance was a time of social, scientific, artistic, and religious rebirth. From 1463 to 1650, inventors, artists, philosophers, and scientists created and brought to light new ideas and perspectives that changed the shape of society and daily life. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The Protestant ReformationAfter the Renaissance, there was a change in thought throughout Europe. The Catholic Church was having financial problems and its role with several Kings and governments had changed; it was claimed that the Church had too much influence, and that clergy members were receiving indulgences or gifts in exchange for important Church Sacraments, such as forgiveness of sins. One man, Martin Luther, challenged the Church and their actions. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The Scientific RevolutionFreeThe Scientific Revolution changed the way that many people saw the world. The work of scientists and philosophers revolutionized the beliefs that had been accepted for hundreds, sometimes thousands, of years. Some notable leaders of the Scientific Revolution are Isaac Newton, Galileo, Nicholas Copernicus, and Andreas Vesalius among others. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
European Exploration and SettlementEuropean exploration in North America began with Christopher Columbus’ discovery of what he thought was Asia. Since that time, there have many attempts by Europeans to settle in America, some successful, others not. There are many reasons why Europeans settled outside of Europe. Political, social, and economic forces encouraged the exploration of the New World, and money was almost always a motivating factor in the settlement of new colonies. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The AztecsThe Aztecs lived in the area that is now Mexico, and were one of the largest Mesoamerican societies. The Aztecs were a complex society with a governmental structure advanced for their time. The Aztecs were also known for their religious ceremonies and great temples that were built to honor their gods. The Aztecs believed in human sacrifice and were quite brutal in the sacrificial rites. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The MayaIn the 1st century, a group of people called the Maya rose to civilization in Central and South America. Their society was very interactive and organized around individual city states, each with their own governmental system. They created a system of writing which consisted of individual symbols to represent sounds and words. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The IncasThe Incas were a civilization that lived in South America, the largest civilization to have existed in that region up to the time of their rule. The Incan people conquered much of South America using force and warfare, but treated those they conquered quite well. The Incas lacked the use of wheeled vehicles. They lacked animals to ride and draft animals that could pull wagons. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Colonial SettlementEurope was a leader in the settlement of colonies in America. Although their attempts were not always successful, by the turn of the 17th century they had a pretty firm start in the New World. Jamestown, the first successful settlement, was founded in 1607 by a stock company searching for gold. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Colonial LifeLife in the new colonies was often challenging. While the settlers were free from the restrictions of life in European society, they also did not have the amenities of European life in the 1600s. Many families in the colonies worked on a small farm. The roles of society in colonial America were clearly defined. Men were the decision-makers, and women were in a supporting role. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The American RevolutionIn the second half of the 18th century, the colonies began to seek independence from Great Britain. One of the main causes of the Revolutionary War was the colonist’s reaction to the taxes being placed on the necessary goods and activities of the colonies. The Revolutionary War began in 1775, when colonial militias began to fight against the British army. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The Articles of ConfederationThe Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union was an agreement among the 13 original states of the United States of America that served as its first constitution. The Articles of Confederation made the laws regarding how the newly united colonies handles and shared money, reacted to war, and settled disputes. Once the Articles were in use, it became clear that some additions needed to be made for effective governance. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The United States ConstitutionThe United States Constitution is a document created by a group of delegates to the Constitutional Convention after the United States declared its independence from Great Britain. The need for a governing document other than the Articles of Confederation was growing clear to the Constitutional Congress, and so they came together to devise a new document. The Constitution is the absolute law in the United States and has been that way since 1789. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The New Government in OperationAfter the signing of the Constitution, the leaders and citizens of the United States had many goals and aspirations for the growth of the nation. One type of growth was the interest in expanding the existing boundaries of the new country. The first of these initiatives was the Louisiana Purchase, under President Thomas Jefferson. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The AlamoThe Alamo was a fort in Texas that became the defining point of a conflict between Texan-Americans and the Republic of Mexico. The Texans were part of Mexico but wanted to be part of the United States. A major battle in this conflict happened at the Alamo on March 6, 1836. Today it is a museum in the Alamo Plaza Historic District. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The Nation Grows and ExpandsAround the turn of the 19th century, many changes were occurring in the United States. The industrialization of what had previously been rural and agricultural land led to a different lifestyle for many people. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The Erie CanalDuring the 18th and 19th century, there was a need for more advanced ways of trade and travel in the United States. One method of travel, by waterway, had proved successful in other parts of the world. The Erie Canal was America’s answer to the need for transportation across New York. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The Jackson AgeAndrew Jackson was an influential leader in the 19th century, known for many reforms to the American government and society during his presidency. President Jackson is credited for the founding of the Democratic Party. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Moving Southward and WestwardManifest Destiny was the idea that the United States was destined to expand from the Atlantic to the Pacific. This motivated the government to acquire lands in the Oregon Territory as well as in areas that became Texas, Florida, and California. Many people started to move west in hope of a better life. The California Gold Rush triggered a large movement of people to California. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The Abolitionist MovementThe Abolitionist Movement started with the denunciation of slavery by the Quakers of Pennsylvania, a religion community of believers in equality and peace. After their public resistance to slavery, many other groups of people joined their fight for the abolition of slavery. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Women's RightsIn 1848, leaders of what became the Women’s Rights Movement invited Americans to attend the Seneca Falls Convention to discuss the need for women to have the rights of suffrage (voting), education, and others. They devised a document, modeled after the Declaration of Independence, of resolutions promoting women’s civil rights. The “Declaration of Sentiments” was written by Elizabeth Cady Stanton. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Causes of the Civil WarFreeIn the 1800's, America was expanding and gaining new territories. The issue of slavery was everywhere and there was much conflict over whether or not the new territories should be slave states or not. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The Civil WarAfter Lincoln was elected in 1860, southern states seceded from the Union in an effort to uphold their stance on slavery. During the war, the Confederacy continued to own slaves and support slavery. After many devastating battles and thousands of casualties, the Civil War ended but many problems that existed before the commencement of battle still existed. However, slaves were officially free and the economies of the North and South were in a new era of growth. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Reconstruction after the Civil WarThe years after the Civil War were dedicated to trying to resolve the problems that were not only the cause of the war but were aggravated by four years of fighting between the Union and the Confederacy. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Industrial GrowthAfter the Civil War and Reconstruction, the United States began to see a rise in industry and the growth of businesses. The Transcontinental Railroad, the first railroad to span the United States from Atlantic to Pacific, opened up the opportunity for social and economical growth towards the West. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Progressive EraOne of the biggest reform goals was the process in which government officials were elected. This, along with the need for government involvement in reform, were two of the motivating factors for people such as Eugene Debs, Susan B. Anthony and W.E.B. DuBois to become leaders during the Progressive Era. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
ExpansionismOver the past two centuries, the Unites States has sought to expand its territories both in North America and other parts of the world. While one of the biggest reasons for this is to continue economic growth, during the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th, America found itself in a position to demonstrate its strength by intervening in other countries. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
World War IDuring the first half of the 20th century, European countries were struggling for control over land and sea. Many countries wanted to establish new colonies in newly discovered territory, which led to power struggles across Europe. Technological advancements also attributed to the beginning of World War I. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The Roaring TwentiesThe 1920’s were a time of social, economical, and political change in the United States. After World War I, the economy changed drastically. Men and women began to raise their standards of living, spending money on new technologies that they put on credit. Cars began to become a huge influence on society, and soon millions of people owned Ford’s invention. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
The Great DepressionIn the last years of the decade commonly referred to as the Roaring Twenties, the United States saw a great gap between the rich and the poor citizens. Businesses and corporations were booming and productivity rose. However, increased production and decreased consumption took its toll and eventually the American people saw a drastic fall in the stock market. The stock market crash virtually ruined the American economy of the time and the greater part of the next decade was spent trying to reverse the damage. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
World War IIAfter World War I and the Great Depression, many countries all over the world were trying to come back from an economic recession. Adolf Hitler, the leader of a party developed a philosophy for Germany and ignore the Treaty of Versailles. Soon, Germany was at war with many European countries and so began the reign of the Nazi Party. Germany soon invaded Poland and World War II was set in motion. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The Cold WarDuring and after World War II, tension between the United States and the USSR grew. Stalin was disappointed in many of the United States' decisions regarding post-war aid and nuclear research. As a result of this, the Soviet Union had little trust in the United states and President Truman. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Civil RightsThe American Civil Rights Movement developed as many worked to ensure equality and civil rights for many groups, mainly African Americans. Despite being citizens in theory, many black citizens were not granted the same constitutional rights as other American citizens. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The Vietnam WarThe Vietnam War was a war fought over decades in the mid to late 20th century. It is considered to be connected to the Cold War, and many of the causes of the conflict have roots imbedded in the fear of the spread of Communism that was at the front of the Cold War. Ho Chi Minh, the leader of North Vietnam, wanted independence for Vietnam and a Communist-run government. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
The New MillenniumGlobal conflicts have increased over time and the United States has seen the effects of this in the new millennium. On September 11th, 2001 the World Trade Center and the Pentagon were targets of terrorist attacks. As a result of this, the United States declared a “War on Terror” and has since seen the loss of many American lives. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
MesopotamiaThe area that is called Mesopotamia is an ancient region of land located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers that saw the rise of many civilizations. Because of the relationship to the two rivers, these civilizations, like many modern-day cities, thrived culturally. The Sumerians are credited with the creation of the first system of writing, irrigation, an advanced knowledge of mathematics, and the twelve month calendar. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
EgyptAncient Egypt refers to the people and area surrounding the Nile River in Africa. This period of history called Ancient Egypt extends beyond the 3000 BC-1200 BC era. During this time period, Ancient Egypt saw the rise of the Early Dynastic Period to the fall of the New Kingdom. Many things happened during those times, such as the creation of the pyramids, the creation of paper, and the growth of a writing system called hieroglyphics. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient IsraelThe history of Ancient Israel is documented in one of the world’s most widely read books: the Bible. This history is told through the lives of famous biblical characters as well as remains and inscriptions found in the Middle East. Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, the three founding patriarchs of Israel, settled in Canaan almost four thousand years ago. The people of Canaan were divided into tribes and were ruled by judges. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
PhoeniciaPhoenicia (1000-300 BC) was an ancient civilization in Asia that was made up of a number of city-states. The most prominent city-state in Phoenicia was Carthage, a city that is still a part of Asia. The Phoenicians were a polytheistic culture and celebrated many gods and goddesses. Phoenicia was well known for the extensive trading network they established during their rise as a civilization. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient GreeceTo define Ancient Greece (800-200 BC) is to define an area that surrounds the modern-day country of Greece and the culture that it represents. In ancient times, the city-states of Greece expanded their culture and influence to many other places. Ancient Greece is also well known for its contributions to literature, art, science and mathematics. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient RomeAncient Rome (500 BC-500 AD) is characterized by many different leaders, governments and events. The history of ancient Rome spans a number of centuries, and is divided into three main categories: the Roman Kingdom, the Roman Republic, and the Roman Empire. Ancient Rome is also known for many famous leaders. Caesar, Augustus, Constantine and Nero are just a few of the historic figures that led to the expansion of Rome. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ancient ChinaFreeThe history of Ancient China spans thousands of years and a number of different dynasties. Certain Chinese dynasties lasted hundreds of years, while others were overthrown and replaced quickly by new leaders. Despite this, much of Chinese culture and religion was steadfast. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
MexicoMexico is a country located in North America; it neighbors the United States to the South and shares a border that spans from California to Texas. While parts of Mexico are home to snow covered mountains, the country is also known for its beautiful beaches and lush rainforests. After the Spanish exploration of the Americas, Mexico was under Spanish rule until they declared independence in the 19th century. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
CanadaCanada has a rich history of being home to many aboriginal peoples, including Indian tribes and the Inuit. When European explorers began to reach Canada, they found a land rich in resources and began to settle in this area of North America. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Central AmericaCentral America is the small isthmus that separates the Pacific Ocean and Caribbean Sea, and connects North America and South America. It is made up of these seven countries: Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Costa Rica. Central America is considered a Mesoamerican civilization. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
South AmericaSouth America includes twelve sovereign states: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela, and French Guiana (a part of France). In addition, the ABC islands of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the Falkland Islands, (a British Overseas Territory), Trinidad and Tobago, and Panama may also be considered part of South America. Read more...iWorksheets :3
EconomicsThe functions of an economy depend largely on the goods and services that are created by the producers. In any economy, the consumers are the people who buy or exchange money or goods, and without the demand or need for goods the economy would be unsuccessful. The difference in the cost of retail sale and the cost of production is the meaning of profit for a business, and is also the goal of producers and businesses. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Environmental ChangesThe issue of global warming has been the cause of much debate in the past fifty years. Greenhouse gases, overpopulation, fossil fuel usage, and deforestation have been at the top of the list of reasons that the world’s environment is changing for the worse. Many plants and animals are becoming extinct due to these environmental changes. Industrialization and overpopulation have caused a decrease in land available for other species. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1

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